Powershell 将 CSV 导出为 XML

Question

我需要将一个 csv 文件转换为包含 7 列的 XML：

network;server;instance;type;date;time;state
toto;titi;APPLINT1;LOG;10/02/2021;13:00:10 - During in min : 1;Succeeded
toto;titi;APPLINT1;VIDEO;12/02/2021;13:20:10 - During in min : 1;Succeeded
toto;tutu;SPTPROD1;DIFF;10/02/2021;14:30:10 - During in min : 1;Succeeded
toto;tutu;TOOL;DIFF;12/02/2021;14:00:10 - During in min : 1;Succeeded

XML 结构应如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xml>
        <network name='toto'>
                <server name='titi'>
                        <instance name='APPLINT1'>
                            <type name='LOG'>
                                <date name="10/02/2021">
                                    <time name="13:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                    <time name="14:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                </date>
                            </type>
                            <type name='DIFF'>
                                <date name="10/02/2021">
                                    <time name="13:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                    <time name="14:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                </date>
                            </type>
                            <type name='FULL'>
                                <date name="10/02/2021">
                                    <time name="13:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                    <time name="14:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                </date>
                            </type>
                        </instance>
                        <instance name='VIDEO'>
                            <type name='LOG'>
                                <date name="10/02/2021">
                                    <time name="13:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                    <time name="14:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                </date>
                            </type>
                        </instance>
                </server>
                <server name='tutu'>
                        <instance name='SPTPROD1'>
                            <type name='LOG'>
                                <date name="10/02/2021">
                                    <time name="13:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                    <time name="14:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                </date>
                            </type>
                            <type name='DIFF'>
                                <date name="10/02/2021">
                                    <time name="13:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                    <time name="14:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                </date>
                            </type>
                            <type name='FULL'>
                                <date name="10/02/2021">
                                    <time name="13:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                    <time name="14:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                </date>
                            </type>
                        </instance>
                        <instance name='VIDEO'>
                            <type name='LOG'>
                                <date name="10/02/2021">
                                    <time name="13:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                    <time name="14:00:10 - During in min : 1">
                                        <state name="Succeeded"></state>
                                    </time>
                                </date>
                            </type>
                        </instance>
                </server>
</xml>

Powershell 脚本：

$docTemplate = @'
<xml>
    <network name=$($backup.network)>
        <server name=$($backup.server)>
            <instance name=$($backup.instance)>
                <type name=$($backup.type)>
$($backups -join "`n")
                </type>
            </instance>
        </server>
    </network>
</xml>
'@

# Per-backup template.
$entryTemplate = @'
                    <date name=$($backup.date)>
                        <time name=$($backup.time)>
                            <state name=$($backup.state)></state>
                        </time>
                    </date>
'@

Import-Csv backup_sql.csv -Delimiter ';' | Group-Object instance -ov grp | ForEach-Object {
    $backups = foreach ($backup in $_.Group) {
        $ExecutionContext.InvokeCommand.ExpandString($entryTemplate)  
    }
    $ExecutionContext.InvokeCommand.ExpandString($docTemplate)
} | Out-File "backup_sql.xml"

其实是 XML 输出文件：

<xml>
    <network name=toto>
        <server name=titi>
            <instance name=APPLINT1>
                <type name=LOG>
                    <date name=10/02/2021>
                        <time name=13:00:10 - During in min : 1>
                            <state name=Succeeded></state>
                        </time>
                    </date>
                    <date name=10/02/2021>
                        <time name=13:00:10 - During in min : 1>
                            <state name=Succeeded></state>
                        </time>
                    </date>
                </type>
            </instance>
        </server>
    </network>
</xml>
<xml>
    <network name=toto>
        <server name=titi>
            <instance name=SPTPROD1>
                <type name=DIFF>
                    <date name=10/02/2021>
                        <time name=14:30:10 - During in min : 1>
                            <state name=Succeeded></state>
                        </time>
                    </date>
                </type>
            </instance>
        </server>
    </network>
</xml>
<xml>
    <network name=toto>
        <server name=tutu>
            <instance name=TOOL>
                <type name=DIFF>
                    <date name=10/02/2021>
                        <time name=14:00:10 - During in min : 1>
                            <state name=Succeeded></state>
                        </time>
                    </date>
                </type>
            </instance>
        </server>
    </network>
</xml>
<xml>
    <network name=toto>
        <server name=tutu>
            <instance name=SKYPE>
                <type name=LOG>
                    <date name=10/02/2021>
                        <time name=23:00:10 - During in min : 1>
                            <state name=Failed></state>
                        </time>
                    </date>
                </type>
            </instance>
        </server>
    </network>
</xml>

我基于以下主题：Powershell CSV to XML

但不幸的是，我无法针对不同的列进行调整。

目标是拥有不同服务器的多个 SQL 实例的不同 SQL 备份（日志、差异和完整）的状态...

提前感谢您的帮助！

Answer 1

您可以执行以下操作以从 CSV 构建您的 XML 字符串：

# Create XML document object
$xml = [xml]::New()

# Create root xml node    
$xml.AppendChild($xml.CreateNode([System.Xml.XmlNodeType]::Element,'xml',$null))

# Deserialize csv contents
$csv = Import-Csv backup_sql.csv -Delimiter ';'

# Group based on Network value
$csv | Group Network | Foreach-Object {
    # Create a Network node for each Network value
    $node = $xml.CreateNode([System.Xml.XmlNodeType]::Element,'Network',$null)
    # Create a name attribute with the Network value
    $node.SetAttribute('name',$_.Name)
    # Add Network node to the xml node
    $currentNode = $xml.SelectSingleNode("//xml").AppendChild($node)

    # Group Current Network group by Server value
    $_.Group | Group Server | Foreach-Object {
        # Create a Server node for each Server Value
        $node = $xml.CreateNode([System.Xml.XmlNodeType]::Element,'Server',$null)
        $node.SetAttribute('name',$_.Name)
        $ServerNode = $currentNode.AppendChild($node)

        # Group current Server group by Instance value
        $_.Group | Group Instance | Foreach-Object {
        # Create Instance node for each Instance value
            $node = $xml.CreateNode([System.Xml.XmlNodeType]::Element,'Instance',$null)
            $node.SetAttribute('name',$_.Name)
            $InstanceNode = $ServerNode.AppendChild($node)

            # Group current Instance group by Type value
            $_.Group | Group Type | Foreach-Object {
                # Create Type node for each Type value
                $node = $xml.CreateNode([System.Xml.XmlNodeType]::Element,'Type',$null)
                $node.SetAttribute('name',$_.Name)
                $TypeNode = $InstanceNode.AppendChild($node)

                # Group each Type group by Date value
                $_.Group | Group Date | Foreach-Object {
                    # Create Date node for each Date value
                    $node = $xml.CreateNode([System.Xml.XmlNodeType]::Element,'Date',$null)
                    $node.SetAttribute('name',$_.Name)
                    $DateNode = $TypeNode.AppendChild($node)

                    $_.Group | Foreach-Object {
                        # Create Time node for each Time value
                        $node = $xml.CreateNode([System.Xml.XmlNodeType]::Element,'Time',$null)
                        $node.SetAttribute('name',$_.Time)
                        $TimeNode = $DateNode.AppendChild($node)

                        # Create State node for each State value
                        $node = $xml.CreateNode([System.Xml.XmlNodeType]::Element,'State',$null)
                        $node.SetAttribute('name',$_.State)
                        $StateNode = $TimeNode.AppendChild($node)
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
$xml.Save("$pwd\backup_sql.xml")

请注意，上述方法非常静态，很大程度上取决于 CSV 文件的架构。这可以做成一个更动态的函数。