绝对!当然,您确实必须注意将负面因素与正面因素分开,但幸运的是这很容易。在排序算法开始时,您所要做的就是围绕值 0 对数组进行分区。之后,在分区的下方和上方进行基数排序。
这是实践中的算法。我从 Kevin Wayne 和 Bob Sedgewick 的 MSD 基数排序中推导出来:http://algs4.cs.princeton.edu/51radix/MSD.java.html
private static final int CUTOFF = 15;
private static final int BITS_PER_INT = 32;
private static final int BITS_PER_BYTE = 8;
private static final int R = 256;
public void sort(int[] a){
int firstPositiveIndex = partition(0, a, 0, a.length-1);
int[] aux =new int[a.length];
if(firstPositiveIndex>0){
recSort(a, firstPositiveIndex, a.length-1, 0,aux);
recSort(a, 0, firstPositiveIndex-1, 0,aux);
}else{//all positive
recSort(a, 0, a.length-1, 0, aux);
}
}
private void recSort(int[] a, int lo, int hi, int d, int[] aux){
if(d>4)return;
if(hi-lo<CUTOFF){
insertionSort(a,lo, hi);
return;
}
int[] count = new int[R+1];
//compute counts
int bitsToShift = BITS_PER_INT-BITS_PER_BYTE*d-BITS_PER_BYTE;
int mask = 0b1111_1111;
for(int i = lo; i<=hi; i++){
int c = (a[i]>>bitsToShift) & mask;
count[c+1]++;
}
//compute indices
for(int i = 0; i<R; i++){
count[i+1]=count[i]+count[i+1];
}
//distribute
for(int i = lo; i<=hi; i++){
int c = (a[i]>>bitsToShift) & mask;
aux[count[c]+lo] = a[i];
count[c]++;
}
//copy back
for(int i = lo; i<=hi; i++){
a[i]=aux[i];
}
if(count[0]>0)
recSort(a, lo, lo+count[0]-1, d+1, aux);
for(int i = 1; i<R; i++){
if(count[i]>0)
recSort(a, lo+count[i-1], lo+count[i]-1, d+1, aux);
}
}
// insertion sort a[lo..hi], starting at dth character
private void insertionSort(int[] a, int lo, int hi) {
for (int i = lo; i <= hi; i++)
for (int j = i; j > lo && a[j] < a[j-1]; j--)
swap(a, j, j-1);
}
//returns the index of the partition or to the right of where it should be if the pivot is not in the array
public int partition(int pivot, int[] a, int lo, int hi){
int curLo = lo;
int curHi = hi;
while(curLo<curHi){
while(a[curLo]<pivot){
if((curLo+1)>hi)return hi+1;
curLo++;
}
while(a[curHi]>pivot){
if((curHi-1)<lo)return lo-1;
curHi--;
}
if(curLo<curHi){
swap(a, curLo, curHi);
if(a[curLo]!=pivot)curLo++;
if(a[curHi]!=pivot)curHi--;
}
}
return curLo;
}
private void swap(int[] a, int i1, int i2){
int t = a[i1];
a[i1]=a[i2];
a[i2]=t;
}