有没有办法在 Python 中使用列名而不是列索引来检索 SQL 结果列值？我将 Python 3 与 mySQL 一起使用。我正在寻找的语法很像 Java 构造：
Object id = rs.get("CUSTOMER_ID");
我有一个包含相当多列的表，不断地为我需要访问的每一列计算索引真的很痛苦。此外，索引使我的代码难以阅读。
谢谢！
【问题讨论】：
cursor.description的更多信息，请参阅cursor.description
MySQLdb 模块有一个DictCursor：
这样使用（取自Writing MySQL Scripts with Python DB-API）：
cursor = conn.cursor(MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor)
cursor.execute("SELECT name, category FROM animal")
result_set = cursor.fetchall()
for row in result_set:
print "%s, %s" % (row["name"], row["category"])
编辑：根据 user1305650，这也适用于 pymysql。
【讨论】：
MySQLdb 模块吗？您是否完全像这样创建光标：cursor = conn.cursor(MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor)？
这篇文章很旧，但可以通过搜索找到。
现在您可以使用 mysql.connector 检索字典，如下所示： https://dev.mysql.com/doc/connector-python/en/connector-python-api-mysqlcursordict.html
这是mysql网站上的例子：
cnx = mysql.connector.connect(database='world')
cursor = cnx.cursor(dictionary=True)
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM country WHERE Continent = 'Europe'")
print("Countries in Europe:")
for row in cursor:
print("* {Name}".format(Name=row['Name']))
【讨论】：
print("* {Name}".format(Name=row['Name'].
你必须寻找一个叫做“光标中的字典”的东西
我正在使用 mysql 连接器，我必须将此参数添加到我的光标，所以我可以使用我的列名而不是索引的
db = mysql.connector.connect(
host=db_info['mysql_host'],
user=db_info['mysql_user'],
passwd=db_info['mysql_password'],
database=db_info['mysql_db'])
cur = db.cursor()
cur = db.cursor( buffered=True , dictionary=True)
【讨论】：
导入 pymysql
# Open database connection
db = pymysql.connect("localhost","root","","gkdemo1")
# prepare a cursor object using cursor() method
cursor = db.cursor()
# execute SQL query using execute() method.
cursor.execute("SELECT * from user")
# Get the fields name (only once!)
field_name = [field[0] for field in cursor.description]
# Fetch a single row using fetchone() method.
values = cursor.fetchone()
# create the row dictionary to be able to call row['login']
**row = dict(zip(field_name, values))**
# print the dictionary
print(row)
# print specific field
print(**row['login']**)
# print all field
for key in row:
print(**key," = ",row[key]**)
# close database connection
db.close()
【讨论】：
python 2.7
import pymysql
conn = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', port=3306, user='root', passwd='password', db='sakila')
cur = conn.cursor()
n = cur.execute('select * from actor')
c = cur.fetchall()
for i in c:
print i[1]
【讨论】：
import mysql
import mysql.connector
db = mysql.connector.connect(
host = "localhost",
user = "root",
passwd = "P@ssword1",
database = "appbase"
)
cursor = db.cursor(dictionary=True)
sql = "select Id, Email from appuser limit 0,1"
cursor.execute(sql)
result = cursor.fetchone()
print(result)
# output => {'Id': 1, 'Email': 'me@gmail.com'}
print(result["Id"])
# output => 1
print(result["Email"])
# output => me@gmail.com
【讨论】：
当然有。在 Python 2.7.2+...
import MySQLdb as mdb
con = mdb.connect('localhost', 'user', 'password', 'db');
cur = con.cursor()
cur.execute('SELECT Foo, Bar FROM Table')
for i in range(int(cur.numrows)):
foo, bar = cur.fetchone()
print 'foo = %s' % foo
print 'bar = %s' % bar
【讨论】：
从特定列中选择值：
import pymysql
db = pymysql.connect("localhost","root","root","school")
cursor=db.cursor()
sql="""select Total from student"""
l=[]
try:
#query execution
cursor.execute(sql)
#fetch all rows
rs = cursor.fetchall()
#iterate through rows
for i in rs:
#converting set to list
k=list(i)
#taking the first element from the list and append it to the list
l.append(k[0])
db.commit()
except:
db.rollback()
db.close()
print(l)
【讨论】：
你没有提供很多细节，但你可以试试这样：
# conn is an ODBC connection to the DB
dbCursor = conn.cursor()
sql = ('select field1, field2 from table')
dbCursor = conn.cursor()
dbCursor.execute(sql)
for row in dbCursor:
# Now you should be able to access the fields as properties of "row"
myVar1 = row.field1
myVar2 = row.field2
conn.close()
【讨论】：
import mysql.connector as mysql
...
cursor = mysql.cnx.cursor()
cursor.execute('select max(id) max_id from ids')
(id) = [ id for id in cursor ]
【讨论】：