【发布时间】：2020-12-10 20:56:48
【问题描述】：
我对 Python 还是很陌生，所以这可能是一件很愚蠢的事情。我尝试在 PyCharm 中安装 Flask 模块，首先在首选项窗口中，然后在 python 控制台中（但内置）。
我在使用 Python 3.9 的最新操作系统的 MacBook 上。 python控制台中的错误信息如下：
$ pip3 install Flask
Collecting Flask
Using cached Flask-1.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (94 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: click>=5.1 in ./venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from Flask) (7.1.2)
Collecting itsdangerous>=0.24
Using cached itsdangerous-1.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (16 kB)
Collecting Jinja2>=2.10.1
Using cached Jinja2-2.11.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (125 kB)
Collecting MarkupSafe>=0.23
Using cached MarkupSafe-1.1.1.tar.gz (19 kB)
Collecting Werkzeug>=0.15
Using cached Werkzeug-1.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (298 kB)
Building wheels for collected packages: MarkupSafe
Building wheel for MarkupSafe (setup.py) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /Users/path/to/folder/venv/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-wheel-inl8hwcr
cwd: /private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/
Complete output (79 lines):
/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'project_urls'
warnings.warn(msg)
/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'python_requires'
warnings.warn(msg)
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9
creating build/lib.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/markupsafe
copying src/markupsafe/_constants.py -> build/lib.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/markupsafe
copying src/markupsafe/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/markupsafe
copying src/markupsafe/_native.py -> build/lib.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/markupsafe
copying src/markupsafe/_compat.py -> build/lib.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/markupsafe
running egg_info
writing src/MarkupSafe.egg-info/PKG-INFO
writing dependency_links to src/MarkupSafe.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
writing top-level names to src/MarkupSafe.egg-info/top_level.txt
reading manifest file 'src/MarkupSafe.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/_build'
warning: no previously-included files matching '*.py[co]' found anywhere in distribution
writing manifest file 'src/MarkupSafe.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
copying src/markupsafe/_speedups.c -> build/lib.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/markupsafe
running build_ext
building 'markupsafe._speedups' extension
creating build/temp.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9
creating build/temp.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/src
creating build/temp.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/src/markupsafe
clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX11.0.sdk -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX11.0.sdk/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX11.0.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Headers -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include -I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include -I/Users//Users/path/to/folder/venv/include -I/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/include/python3.9 -c src/markupsafe/_speedups.c -o build/temp.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/src/markupsafe/_speedups.o
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/setup.py", line 105, in <module>
run_setup(True)
File "/private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/setup.py", line 53, in run_setup
setup(
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/Users//Users/path/to/folder/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/wheel/bdist_wheel.py", line 299, in run
self.run_command('build')
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/command/build.py", line 135, in run
self.run_command(cmd_name)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/setup.py", line 36, in run
build_ext.run(self)
File "/Users//Users/path/to/folder/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 66, in run
_build_ext.run(self)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 340, in run
self.build_extensions()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 449, in build_extensions
self._build_extensions_serial()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 474, in _build_extensions_serial
self.build_extension(ext)
File "/private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/setup.py", line 42, in build_extension
build_ext.build_extension(self, ext)
File "/Users//Users/path/to/folder/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 178, in build_extension
_build_ext.build_extension(self, ext)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 529, in build_extension
objects = self.compiler.compile(sources,
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 574, in compile
self._compile(obj, src, ext, cc_args, extra_postargs, pp_opts)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/unixccompiler.py", line 117, in _compile
self.spawn(compiler_so + cc_args + [src, '-o', obj] +
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 910, in spawn
spawn(cmd, dry_run=self.dry_run)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/spawn.py", line 66, in spawn
if _cfg_target_split > [int(x) for x in cur_target.split('.')]:
AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'split'
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for MarkupSafe
Running setup.py clean for MarkupSafe
Failed to build MarkupSafe
Installing collected packages: MarkupSafe, Werkzeug, Jinja2, itsdangerous, Flask
Running setup.py install for MarkupSafe ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /Users//Users/path/to/folder/venv/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-record-86v7atd3/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users//Users/path/to/folder/venv/include/site/python3.9/MarkupSafe
cwd: /private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/
Complete output (81 lines):
/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'project_urls'
warnings.warn(msg)
/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/dist.py:274: UserWarning: Unknown distribution option: 'python_requires'
warnings.warn(msg)
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9
creating build/lib.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/markupsafe
copying src/markupsafe/_constants.py -> build/lib.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/markupsafe
copying src/markupsafe/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/markupsafe
copying src/markupsafe/_native.py -> build/lib.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/markupsafe
copying src/markupsafe/_compat.py -> build/lib.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/markupsafe
running egg_info
writing src/MarkupSafe.egg-info/PKG-INFO
writing dependency_links to src/MarkupSafe.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
writing top-level names to src/MarkupSafe.egg-info/top_level.txt
reading manifest file 'src/MarkupSafe.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/_build'
warning: no previously-included files matching '*.py[co]' found anywhere in distribution
writing manifest file 'src/MarkupSafe.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
copying src/markupsafe/_speedups.c -> build/lib.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/markupsafe
running build_ext
building 'markupsafe._speedups' extension
creating build/temp.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9
creating build/temp.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/src
creating build/temp.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/src/markupsafe
clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -isysroot /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX11.0.sdk -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX11.0.sdk/usr/include -I/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX11.0.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Tk.framework/Versions/8.5/Headers -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include -I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include -I/Users//Users/path/to/folder/venv/include -I/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/include/python3.9 -c src/markupsafe/_speedups.c -o build/temp.macosx-11-x86_64-3.9/src/markupsafe/_speedups.o
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/setup.py", line 105, in <module>
run_setup(True)
File "/private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/setup.py", line 53, in run_setup
setup(
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/Users/path/to/folder/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py", line 61, in run
return orig.install.run(self)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/command/install.py", line 546, in run
self.run_command('build')
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/command/build.py", line 135, in run
self.run_command(cmd_name)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/setup.py", line 36, in run
build_ext.run(self)
File "/Users/path/to/folder/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 66, in run
_build_ext.run(self)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 340, in run
self.build_extensions()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 449, in build_extensions
self._build_extensions_serial()
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 474, in _build_extensions_serial
self.build_extension(ext)
File "/private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/setup.py", line 42, in build_extension
build_ext.build_extension(self, ext)
File "/Users/path/to/folder/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 178, in build_extension
_build_ext.build_extension(self, ext)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 529, in build_extension
objects = self.compiler.compile(sources,
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 574, in compile
self._compile(obj, src, ext, cc_args, extra_postargs, pp_opts)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/unixccompiler.py", line 117, in _compile
self.spawn(compiler_so + cc_args + [src, '-o', obj] +
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 910, in spawn
spawn(cmd, dry_run=self.dry_run)
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python@3.9/3.9.0_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/distutils/spawn.py", line 66, in spawn
if _cfg_target_split > [int(x) for x in cur_target.split('.')]:
AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'split'
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /Users/path/to/folder/venv/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-install-sb0tfj2q/markupsafe_e3db55149f5e41369ae6e06e7eb56406/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/cj/q_3ynbn564962bgf9614pgpc0000gn/T/pip-record-86v7atd3/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/path/to/folder/venv/include/site/python3.9/MarkupSafe Check the logs for full command output.
(venv)
（我删掉了这个代码块中的路径，其他都是原创的）
通过谷歌搜索，我找到了不同的解决方案，例如将 setuptools 降级到 21.2.1，例如安装 python 轮。我没有找到 MarkupSafe Wheels。
但没有任何帮助，即使尝试通过 easy_install 安装烧瓶也不成功。
也许有人遇到了同样的问题，可以帮助我或有什么想法吗？
【问题讨论】：
-
将python降级到3.8，因为flask的官方pypi账户还不支持python 3.9source
-
尝试用支持flask的python版本创建一个虚拟环境，这样你就不需要降级你的python了。我有 python 3.7 并且烧瓶在其中运行良好。在这里检查 - pypi.org/project/Flask 在编程语言下它不支持 python 3.9，因为 @sahasrara62 提到了
-
这很愚蠢，应该检查一下！但是使用虚拟环境设置为 Python 3.8 的新项目一切正常。非常感谢！