如何在 Windows 10 命令提示符下的 MySQL 中正确执行 SQL 文件？

Question

我已经尝试了将近 30 分钟，试图弄清楚如何从 Win 10 命令提示符处执行一个 sql 文件，但我仍然不知道该怎么做。

我在 mysql> 目录中，我无法弄清楚文件路径之前的“源”是什么。我需要在 MySql 文件路径之前输入的“源”是什么？

这是我尝试执行的 bookorama.sql 文件的文件路径： C:\wamp64\bin\mysql\mysql5.7.23\bin

bookorama.sql 位于最后一个“bin”文件夹的文件路径中。

到目前为止，这是我试图找到的内容，但我继续尝试这些帖子中的许多答案建议，但我仍然无法正确解决。

Can't run MySQL from command prompt

Executing a SQL file

How to import an SQL file using the command line in MySQL?

execute .sql file using command line

https://tecadmin.net/run-sql-text-file-on-mysql-command-prompt/

这里是尝试执行sql文件的命令提示符副本：

C:\wamp64\bin\mysql\mysql5.7.23\bin>mysql -hlocalhost -uroot -p
Enter password: *********
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 22
Server version: 5.7.23 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input 

mysql> use books
Database changed
mysql> -u bookorama -d books < bookoroma.sql
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near '-u bookorama -d books < bookoroma.sql' at line 1
mysql> mysql
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near 'mysql' at line 1
mysql> mysql -h localhost - u bookorama -p < bookorama.sql
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near 'mysql -h localhost - u bookorama -p < bookorama.sql' at line 1
mysql> cd..
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near 'cd..' at line 1
mysql> mysql -h localhost -u bookorama -D books -p < bookorama.sql
    ->
    -> CREATE TABLE Customers
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near 'mysql -h localhost -u bookorama -D books -p < bookorama.sql

CREATE TABLE Custom' at line 1
mysql> -u bookorama -D books -P < bookorama.sql
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near '-u bookorama -D books -P < bookorama.sql' at line 1mysql> -u root
    -> -p Oscar545* -D bookorama < bookorama.sql
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near '-u root
-p Oscar545* -D bookorama < bookorama.sql' at line 1
mysql> mysql -h localhose u-root -D bookorama < 
C:\wamp64\bin\mysql\mysql5.7.23\bin.bookorama.sql
Show warnings disabled.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\b'.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\m'.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\m'.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\b'.
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near 'mysql -h localhose u-root -D bookorama < 
C:amp64\bin\mysql\mysql5.7.23\bin.booko' at line 1
mysql> mysql -h localhose u-root -D bookorama < bookorama.sql
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near 'mysql -h localhose u-root -D bookorama < bookorama.sql' at line 1
mysql> mysql -u root -p books < bookorama.sql
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near 'mysql -u root -p books < bookorama.sql' at line 1
mysql> use books
Database changed
mysql> mysql -u root -p books < bookorama.sql
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near 'mysql -u root -p books < bookorama.sql' at line 1
mysql> C:\wamp64\bin\mysql\mysql5.7.23\bin bookorama.sql
Show warnings disabled.ERROR:
Unknown command '\b'.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\m'.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\m'.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\b'.
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near 'C:amp64\bin\mysql\mysql5.7.23\bin bookorama.sql' at line 1
mysql> source C:\wamp64\bin\mysql\mysql5.7.23\bin;
Show warnings disabled.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\b'.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\m'.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\m'.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\b'.
ERROR:
Failed to open file 'C:amp64\bin\mysql\mysql5.7.23\bin', error: 2
mysql> C:\wamp64\bin\mysql\mysql5.7.23\bin\bookorama.sql
Show warnings disabled.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\b'.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\m'.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\m'.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\b'.
ERROR:
Unknown command '\b'.
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near 'C:amp64\bin\mysql\mysql5.7.23\bin\bookorama.sql' at line 1
mysql> mysql -h localhost -u root
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near 'mysql -h localhost -u root' at line 1
mysql> -h localhost -root -pOscar545* books < bookorama.sql
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near '-h localhost -root -pOscar545* books < bookorama.sql' at line 1
mysql> mysql -u root -p books < bookorama.sql
    -> ;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual 
that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use 
near 'mysql -u root -p books < bookorama.sql' at line 1
mysql>

Answer 1

在mysql> 提示符下，您将使用：

use books;
source bookorama.sql;

在您将使用的命令提示符处：

mysql.exe -h localhost -root -pOscar545* books < bookorama.sql

Answer 2

MySQL CLI（命令行界面）与其他 CLI 或 shell 程序一样，包括数据库（Postgres 的 psql、SQLite 的 sqlite3、SQL Server 的 sqlcmd、Oracle 的 sqlplus）、语言（python.exe、perl.exe、php.exe、r .exe) 和其他可执行文件 (.exe) 不会像大多数软件 .exe 那样使用 GUI 启动，但会在终端窗口内唤起会话。

Windows 的 PowerShell 和 Cmd.exe 或 Unix 的 (MacOS/Linux) Bash 终端等命令行解释器用于启动此类 CLI 会话。本质上，有两种方法可以运行 MySQL 命令：

1. 使用参数调用mysql.exe，无需开启长时间会话。

2. 启动 mysql 会话并运行单独的调用。

您的问题是上述两者的混合，您正在尝试使用参数 inside mysql.exe 的命令行调用 mysql.exe 或在会话中运行其顶级参数。在 CLI 内部，解析器仅解释特殊的 MySQL 命令，如 source 和不可执行的直接 SQL 查询 mysql、调用或连接参数 (-h, -u)，而没有其 shell 命令调用者：\!。

只需在 CLI 会话之外使用适当的调用：

cd C:\amp64\bin\mysql\mysql5.7.23\bin
mysql -h localhost -u bookorama -p < bookorama.sql

或在 CLI 会话中：

cd C:\amp64\bin\mysql\mysql5.7.23\bin
mysql -h localhost -u bookorama -p
mysql> source bookorama.sql

---

话虽如此，你可以做相反的事情。

• 在外部运行命令查询：

  mysql -h localhost -u bookorama -p -e "source bookorama.sql"
  

• 内部调用终端调用：

  mysql> \! mysql -h localhost -u bookorama -pXXXXX < bookorama.sql