根据日期将排名编号分配给可能重复的行

Question

我有一个存储投标的下表

╔════════════╦═══════════╦══════════════════════╗
║ lot_id     ║  user_id  ║         date         ║
╠════════════╬═══════════╬══════════════════════╣
║ 123        ║ 9001      ║ 2017-08-09 14:33:55  ║
║ 123        ║ 9005      ║ 2017-08-09 14:33:55  ║
║ 123        ║ 9001      ║ 2017-08-09 14:44:55  ║
║ 124        ║ 8012      ║ 2017-08-09 14:55:55  ║
║ 124        ║ 9001      ║ 2017-08-09 14:55:55  ║
║ 124        ║ 9076      ║ 2017-08-09 14:66:55  ║
╚════════════╩═══════════╩══════════════════════╝

这个想法不是显示 user_id（出于安全原因），而是显示用户序号（顺序？），这取决于他出价的时间。 我需要一个查询，它会根据date 返回我first bidder、second bidder、N bidder。

这在 PHP 中会非常低效。

附：提出问题有点困难，因此欢迎在问题标题中提出任何建议。

更新 行号将不起作用。如果同一用户多次出价，则数量应相同。例如，如果同一用户第一次出价是第十次出价，则应显示first bidder

Answer 1

这是一种按（最早）时间对用户进行排名的低效、蛮力解决方案。好处是它不使用用户变量或嵌套的 ORDER BY 可能产生unexpected results:

SELECT bids.lot_id, CONCAT('Bidder ', ranks.rank, ' (', bids.user_id, ')'), bids.date
FROM bids
INNER JOIN (
    SELECT curr.user_id, COUNT(prev.user_id) + 1 AS rank
    FROM (
        SELECT user_id, MIN(DATE) AS min_date
        FROM bids
        GROUP BY user_id
    ) AS curr
    LEFT JOIN (
        SELECT user_id, MIN(DATE) AS min_date
        FROM bids
        GROUP BY user_id
    ) AS prev ON prev.min_date < curr.min_date
    GROUP BY curr.user_id
) AS ranks ON bids.user_id = ranks.user_id

SQL Fiddle

Answer 2

您可以使用子查询根据日期为每个 user_id 分配一个数字。

然后将该子查询加入投标表并使用该投标人的编号。

示例：

-- Sample data
create table bidstable (lot_id int, user_id int, `date` datetime);
insert into bidstable (lot_id, user_id, `date`) values
(123,9001,'2017-08-09 14:33:55'),
(123,9005,'2017-08-09 14:33:55'),
(123,9001,'2017-08-09 14:44:55'),
(124,8012,'2017-08-09 14:55:55'),
(124,9001,'2017-08-09 14:55:55'),
(124,9076,'2017-08-09 14:56:55');

SELECT lot_id, concat('bidder ', n) as bidder, `date`
FROM bidstable AS bids
JOIN (
  SELECT user_id, @n := @n + 1 as n
  FROM bidstable
  CROSS JOIN (SELECT @n := 0) vars
  GROUP BY user_id
  ORDER BY MIN(`date`), user_id
) AS bidders ON bidders.user_id = bids.user_id
ORDER BY `date`;

SQL 小提琴测试here