通过迭代列表使用 python 创建 XML 文件答案

【问题标题】：Create XML file with python by iterating over lists通过迭代列表使用 python 创建 XML 文件
【发布时间】：2013-05-22 00:14:35
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试获取一个看起来像这样的 xml 文件，以便我可以将它导入到 moodle 成绩簿中：

<results>
  <result>
    <student>1</student>
    <assignment>100</assignment>
    <score>0</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>1</student>
    <assignment>101</assignment>
    <score>4</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>1</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>100</assignment>
    <score>0</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>101</assignment>
    <score>4</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
</results>

我尝试用python编写一些代码，在仔细阅读文档后，我能想到的最好的方法是：

import xml.etree.cElementTree as ET

students = [1,2]
assignments=[100,101,102]
scores=[0,4,10]
results = ET.Element("results")
result = ET.SubElement(results,"result")
student = ET.SubElement(result,"student")
assignment = ET.SubElement(result,"assignment")
score = ET.SubElement(result,"score")

for s in students:    
    for a in range(len(assignments)):
        student.text = str(s)
        assignment.text = str(assignments[a])
        score.text = str(scores[a])
        results.append(result)
tree = ET.ElementTree(results)
tree.write('test.xml')

这几乎给了我我想要的，但最后一个条目似乎覆盖了所有以前的条目，如图所示：

<results>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
  <result>
    <student>2</student>
    <assignment>102</assignment>
    <score>10</score>
  </result>
</results>

我试图找到一个解决方案，但似乎大多数问题只涉及编写具有不同元素的 xml 文件。我想不通的是如何使用相同的元素标签，但要为每个标签分配不同的值。

【问题讨论】：

标签： python xml moodle

【解决方案1】：

你需要做两件事：

将建议的Eli 行移到for 循环中。
从 for 循环中删除行：results.append(result)。 SubElement 工厂将父元素作为其第一个参数（如您所知）并将新创建的实例追加父母。因此你不需要再次附加它（你不会得到任何错误，但你会得到一组不同的结果您指定）。

你的循环应该是这样的：

for s in students:    
    for a in range(len(assignments)):

        result = ET.SubElement(results,"result")
        student = ET.SubElement(result,"student")
        assignment = ET.SubElement(result,"assignment")
        score = ET.SubElement(result,"score")

        student.text = str(s)
        assignment.text = str(assignments[a])
        score.text = str(scores[a])

【讨论】：

谢谢！这产生了我所希望的确切结果。

【解决方案2】：

你需要移动这些行

result = ET.SubElement(results,"result")
student = ET.SubElement(result,"student")
assignment = ET.SubElement(result,"assignment")
score = ET.SubElement(result,"score")

到for 循环内。否则你只是一遍又一遍地添加相同的result。

【讨论】：