将多个元素 XML 值解析为 R 数据框答案

【问题标题】：Parse multiple element XML values into a R dataframe将多个元素 XML 值解析为 R 数据框
【发布时间】：2022-01-23 19:38:22
【问题描述】：

我有一个类似的 XML：

    <Trait ID="4711" Type="Disease">
    <!--  each phenotype -->
    <Name>
    <ElementValue Type="Preferred">Breast-ovarian cancer, familial 1</ElementValue>
    <XRef ID="Breast-ovarian+cancer%2C+familial+1/7865" DB="Genetic Alliance"/>
    </Name>
    <Name>
    <ElementValue Type="Alternate">BREAST-OVARIAN CANCER, FAMILIAL, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 1</ElementValue>
    <XRef Type="MIM" ID="604370" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0001" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0002" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0003" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0004" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0005" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0006" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0007" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0008" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0009" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0010" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0011" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0012" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0013" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0014" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0015" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0016" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0017" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0018" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0019" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0020" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0021" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0022" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0023" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0024" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0025" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0026" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0027" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0028" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0029" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0030" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0031" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0032" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0033" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0034" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0035" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0036" DB="OMIM"/>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="113705.0037" DB="OMIM"/>
    </Name>
    <Name>
    <ElementValue Type="Alternate">OVARIAN CANCER, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO</ElementValue>
    <XRef Type="Allelic variant" ID="602667.0001" DB="OMIM"/>
    </Name>
    <Name>
    <ElementValue Type="Alternate">BREAST CANCER, FAMILIAL, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 1</ElementValue>
    <XRef ID="604370" DB="OMIM"/>
    </Name>
    <Name>
    <ElementValue Type="Alternate">Breast cancer, familial 1</ElementValue>
    </Name>
    <Name>
    <ElementValue Type="Alternate">Breast-ovarian cancer, familial 1 and 2</ElementValue>
    <XRef ID="GTR000310494" DB="Laboratory of Genetics,HUSLAB"/>
    </Name>
    <Name>
    <ElementValue Type="Alternate">BRCA1 Gene Mutation</ElementValue>
    <XRef ID="GTR000501743" DB="Myriad Genetic Laboratories,Myriad Genetic Laboratories, Inc."/>
    </Name>
</Trait>

我想将 XML 解析为如下数据框：

enter image description here

我想使用 r 包 XML，但问题是我的 XREF 属性值比特征值的名称多。我可以用 for 循环解决这个问题，但这通常不是“R 方式”。我想知道是否有更简单的解决方案？（例如，使用 xpath 查询）。

我正在尝试这样的事情：

x <- do.call(rbind, xpathApply(xml_1, "//TraitSet/Trait[@ID='4711']/Name", function(node) {
  
  trait <- xmlValue(node[["ElementValue"]])
  
  xp <- "//TraitSet/Trait[@ID='4711']/Name/XRef"
  DB <- sapply(c("ID","DB"), function(x) xpathSApply(xmltop, '//TraitSet/Trait/Name/XRef', xmlGetAttr, x))
  if (is.null(DB)) DB <- NA
  
  data.frame(trait, DB, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
  
}))

但是记录被错误地相乘。

我将不胜感激！谢谢

【问题讨论】：

标签： r xml xpath

【解决方案1】：

我认为这是一个使用 xml2 的解决方案，以及一种快速而冗长的整洁诗歌方法。

在导入嵌套的 xml 数据时，编写紧凑的代码并不总是那么容易。


library(xml2)
library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
library(purrr)

# read the xml file
te <- xml2::read_xml("~/Desktop/test_so.xml")

# to move from node to node
cursor <- xml2::xml_find_all(te, ".//Name")

# i <- 1L
seq_along(cursor) %>% 
  # map to move along cursor
  purrr::map_df(function(i){
    print(i)
    x <- cursor[i]
    # first part is Name and Type (Alternate/Disease/Preferred)
    dplyr::tibble(Type = xml2::xml_attr(xml_find_all(x, './/ElementValue'), 'Type'),
         Trait = xml2::xml_text(x)) -> temp
    
    # second part is not always here so test if it exists before, then
    # if it exists, extract and compact it (nest)
    if (!is.na(xml2::xml_text(xml2::xml_find_first(x, './/XRef')))){
      Details <- dplyr::tibble(
         DB = xml2::xml_find_all(x, './/XRef') %>% 
           xml2::xml_attr('DB'),
         ID = xml2::xml_find_all(x, './/XRef') %>% 
           xml2::xml_attr('ID'),
         Type_ = xml2::xml_find_all(x, './/XRef') %>% 
           xml2::xml_attr('Type')) %>% tidyr::nest(data = c('DB', 'ID', 'Type_'))
      } else {
      # if it doesn't exist, fill with an empty df and compact it too (nest)
      Details <- dplyr::tibble(DB = NA, ID = NA, Type_ = NA) %>% 
        tidyr::nest(data = c('DB', 'ID', 'Type_'))
      }
    # add this new "df" column to temporary object
    temp <- temp %>% dplyr::mutate(Details = Details$data)
    # return
    temp
  }) -> te2

result <- te2 %>% 
  unnest(Details)

# A tibble: 44 × 5
   Type      Trait                                                 DB               ID                                       Type_          
   <chr>     <chr>                                                 <chr>            <chr>                                    <chr>          
 1 Preferred Breast-ovarian cancer, familial 1                     Genetic Alliance Breast-ovarian+cancer%2C+familial+1/7865 NA             
 2 Alternate BREAST-OVARIAN CANCER, FAMILIAL, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 1 OMIM             604370                                   MIM            
 3 Alternate BREAST-OVARIAN CANCER, FAMILIAL, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 1 OMIM             113705.0001                              Allelic variant
 4 Alternate BREAST-OVARIAN CANCER, FAMILIAL, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 1 OMIM             113705.0002                              Allelic variant
 5 Alternate BREAST-OVARIAN CANCER, FAMILIAL, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 1 OMIM             113705.0003                              Allelic variant
 6 Alternate BREAST-OVARIAN CANCER, FAMILIAL, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 1 OMIM             113705.0004                              Allelic variant
 7 Alternate BREAST-OVARIAN CANCER, FAMILIAL, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 1 OMIM             113705.0005                              Allelic variant
 8 Alternate BREAST-OVARIAN CANCER, FAMILIAL, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 1 OMIM             113705.0006                              Allelic variant
 9 Alternate BREAST-OVARIAN CANCER, FAMILIAL, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 1 OMIM             113705.0007                              Allelic variant
10 Alternate BREAST-OVARIAN CANCER, FAMILIAL, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 1 OMIM             113705.0008                              Allelic variant
# … with 34 more rows
>

【讨论】：

这是一个出色的分辨率@Guillaume！这是非常可读的。谢谢！
感谢您的反馈。当我必须在工作中做同样的事情时，这段代码和你的案例也会对我有所帮助。