在 AWS SES 服务的电子邮件中添加嵌入图像

Question

我正在尝试编写一个可以发送电子邮件以指定电子邮件的 Java 应用程序。在电子邮件中，我还想附上一些图片。

请在下面找到我的代码：-

public class AmazonSESSample {

    static final String FROM = "abc@gmail.com";
    static final String TO = "def@gmail.com";
    static final String BODY = "This email was sent through Amazon SES by using the AWS SDK for Java. hello";
    static final String SUBJECT = "Amazon SES test (AWS SDK for Java)";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Destination destination = new Destination().withToAddresses(new String[] { TO });
        Content subject = new Content().withData(SUBJECT);
        Message msg = new Message().withSubject(subject);
        // Include a body in both text and HTML formats
        //Content textContent = new Content().withData("Hello - I hope you're having a good day.");
        Content htmlContent = new Content().withData("<h2>Hi User,</h2>\n"
                + " <h3>Please find the ABC Association login details below</h3>\n"
                + " <img src=\"logo.png\" alt=\"Mountain View\">\n"
                + " Click <a href=\"http://google.com">here</a> to go to the association portal.\n"
                + " <h4>Association ID - 12345</h4>\n" + "  <h4>Admin UID - suny342</h4>\n"
                + " <h4>Password - poass234</h4>\n" + " Regards,\n" + " <br>Qme Admin</br>");
        Body body = new Body().withHtml(htmlContent);
        msg.setBody(body);
        SendEmailRequest request = new SendEmailRequest().withSource(FROM).withDestination(destination)
                .withMessage(msg);
        try {
            System.out.println("Attempting to send an email through Amazon SES by using the AWS SDK for Java...");
            AWSCredentials credentials = null;
            credentials = new BasicAWSCredentials("ABC", "CDF");
            try {
                // credentialsProvider.
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new AmazonClientException("Cannot load the credentials from the credential profiles file. "
                        + "Please make sure that your credentials file is at the correct "
                        + "location (/Users/iftekharahmedkhan/.aws/credentials), and is in valid format.", e);
            }
            AmazonSimpleEmailService client = AmazonSimpleEmailServiceClientBuilder.standard()
                    .withCredentials(new AWSStaticCredentialsProvider(credentials)).withRegion("us-west-2").build();
            client.sendEmail(request);
            System.out.println("Email sent!");
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            System.out.println("The email was not sent.");
            System.out.println("Error message: " + ex.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

图像已放置在资源目录中，但未嵌入到电子邮件中。谁能帮忙。

Answer 1

您需要使用图像本身的绝对公共 路径或data URL，而不是相对路径。例如：

<img src=\"https://example.com/logo.png\" alt=\"Mountain View\" />

或

<img src=\"data:image/png;base64, {BASE64_ENCODED_DATA}\" alt=\"Mountain View\" />

编辑

截至 2020 年 1 月，Gmail 仍不支持 base64 编码图像。

Answer 2

我能够使用 AWS SES 发送一封电子邮件，其中包含可以在 GMail 客户端中看到的图像，方法是将图像附加到邮件中并使用对它们的内联处置引用。

我使用in the AWS docs 解释的代码将图像附加到 MimeMessage，然后使用 HTML 中的cid 引用到这些图像（如in this post answer 解释）。

首先，我们将图像附加到消息中，添加几个特定属性（标题和处置）：

        MimeMultipart msg = new MimeMultipart("mixed");        
        DataSource fds = new FileDataSource("/path/to/my/image.png");
        att.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fds));
        att.setFileName(fds.getName());         
        att.setHeader("Content-ID","<myImage>");
        att.setDisposition("inline; filename=\"image.png\"");
        msg.addBodyPart(att);

请注意，Content-ID 属性中的< 和>必须存在，其中包含您选择的任何ID（在我的示例中为myImage）。

那么，在消息体的 HTML 中，我们只需要添加每张图片的 cid（内容 id）即可：

<img src="cid:myImage">

对于完整的代码，我几乎使用了上面的 AWS 参考（使用相同的变量名），所做的唯一更改是 setHeader 和 setDisposition 方法。

Answer 3

@sebagra 发布的方法效果很好。

在 Python 使用 boto3 和 ses 客户端的情况下，将 Content-Disposition 设置为内联的方法是：

    att.add_header('Content-ID', '<myImage>')
    att.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'inline', filename=os.path.basename(IMAGE_PATH))

基于python示例in the AWS docs的完整示例：

    import os
    import boto3
    from botocore.exceptions import ClientError
    from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
    from email.mime.text import MIMEText
    from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
    
    # Replace sender@example.com with your "From" address.
    # This address must be verified with Amazon SES.
    SENDER = "Sender Name <sender@example.com>"
    
    # Replace recipient@example.com with a "To" address. If your account 
    # is still in the sandbox, this address must be verified.
    RECIPIENT = "recipient@example.com"
    
    # Specify a configuration set. If you do not want to use a configuration
    # set, comment the following variable, and the 
    # ConfigurationSetName=CONFIGURATION_SET argument below.
    CONFIGURATION_SET = "ConfigSet"
    
    # If necessary, replace us-west-2 with the AWS Region you're using for Amazon SES.
    AWS_REGION = "us-west-2"
    
    # The subject line for the email.
    SUBJECT = "Customer service contact info"
    
    # The full path to the file that will be attached to the email.
    IMAGE_PATH = "path/to/myImage.png"
    
    # The email body for recipients with non-HTML email clients.
    BODY_TEXT = "Hello,\r\nPlease see the attached file for a list of customers to contact."
    
    # The HTML body of the email.
    BODY_HTML = """\
    <html>
    <head></head>
    <body>
    <h1>Hello!</h1>
    <p>Please see the attached file for a list of customers to contact.</p>
    </body>
    </html>
    """
    
    # The character encoding for the email.
    CHARSET = "utf-8"
    
    # Create a new SES resource and specify a region.
    client = boto3.client('ses',region_name=AWS_REGION)
    
    # Create a multipart/mixed parent container.
    msg = MIMEMultipart('mixed')
    # Add subject, from and to lines.
    msg['Subject'] = SUBJECT 
    msg['From'] = SENDER 
    msg['To'] = RECIPIENT
    
    # Create a multipart/alternative child container.
    msg_body = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
    
    # Encode the text and HTML content and set the character encoding. This step is
    # necessary if you're sending a message with characters outside the ASCII range.
    textpart = MIMEText(BODY_TEXT.encode(CHARSET), 'plain', CHARSET)
    htmlpart = MIMEText(BODY_HTML.encode(CHARSET), 'html', CHARSET)
    
    # Add the text and HTML parts to the child container.
    msg_body.attach(textpart)
    msg_body.attach(htmlpart)
    
    # Define the attachment part and encode it using MIMEApplication.
    att = MIMEApplication(open(IMAGE_PATH, 'rb').read())
    
    # Add a header to tell the email client to treat this part as an attachment,
    # and set an id and content disposition.
    att.add_header('Content-ID', '<myImage>')
    att.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'inline', filename=os.path.basename(IMAGE_PATH))
    
    # Attach the multipart/alternative child container to the multipart/mixed
    # parent container.
    msg.attach(msg_body)
    
    # Add the attachment to the parent container.
    msg.attach(att)

    try:
        response = client.send_raw_email(
            Source=SENDER,
            Destinations=[
                RECIPIENT
            ],
            RawMessage={
                'Data': msg.as_string(),
            }
        )
    # Display an error if something goes wrong. 
    except ClientError as e:
        print(e.response['Error']['Message'])
    else:
        print("Email sent! Message ID:"),
        print(response['MessageId'])

如果使用sesv2，msg 的构建方式相同，但要使用的 api 是 send_email：

    ...
    client = boto3.client('sesv2',region_name=AWS_REGION)
    ...
    response = client.send_email(
        FromEmailAddress=SENDER,
        Destination={
            'ToAddresses': [
                RECIPIENT
            ]
        },
        Content={
            'Raw': {
                'Data': msg.as_string()
            }
        }
    )
    ...

Answer 4

我使用 AWS SES 将内联 base 64 图像发送到 Yahoo 帐户没有问题。当我尝试发送到 GMail 帐户时，我遇到了麻烦。我发送的文本已渲染，但图像未显示。

我发现 GMail 没有剥离图像。它只是没有显示它。我通过在 GMail 中查看邮件时选择更多 -> “显示原件”来确认这一点。