异常值：“AnonymousUser”对象不可迭代

【问题标题】：Exception Value: 'AnonymousUser' object is not iterable异常值：“AnonymousUser”对象不可迭代
【发布时间】：2020-03-16 18:43:46
【问题描述】：

我目前正在尝试制作一个约会应用程序，这是我从头开始的第一个项目。我下载了一个示例项目作为参考，我想在我的本地服务器上启动它并查看实际网站的外观，以便我可以使用它并更好地理解代码。但是，在通过 zip 文件运行下载它然后尝试在购买本地服务器上运行它之后，我得到了。当我访问该站点时，我得到了；

异常值：
'AnonymousUser' 对象不可迭代

这是项目的链接以及 settings.py

项目-https://github.com/TheCodingCrusader/Django_Tinder

这是我的 settings.py

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '8-jze0w4ek6d+d1_tdij96dg5xk299d4etey_p=qrg^2dh+58e'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    #mine
    'registration',
    'app',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'music_tinder.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'music_tinder.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/static-files/

STATICFILES_LOCATION = 'static'
MEDIAFILES_LOCATION = 'media'

STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'custom_storages.StaticStorage' 
DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'custom_storages.MediaStorage' 

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'



STATIC_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')

STATICFILES_DIR = (
    STATIC_PATH,
)

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')

LOGIN_URL = 'login'
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'index'

原始项目 settings.py

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'u)-vf#0bv3!3)g-58(pox4_^-o$m8#5%idk3bmegowsimy%6)l'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = False

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*', 'localhost']


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    'registration',
    'app',
    'storages',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'music_tinder.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'music_tinder.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}

#DATABASES['default'] = dj_database_url.config(default='sqlite3://...')
#DATABASES['default'] = dj_database_url.config(conn_max_age=600, ssl_require=True)
#DATA
DATABASES['default'] = dj_database_url.parse('sqlite3://...', conn_max_age=600)


#import dj_database_url
#DATABASES = {'default': dj_database_url.config(default=os.environ['DATABASE_URL'])}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/

#STATIC_URL = '/static/'
#MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = 'faketinder'
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = os.environ['AWS_ID']
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = os.environ['AWS_KEY']
AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN = 's3.amazonaws.com/' + AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME

STATICFILES_LOCATION = 'static'
MEDIAFILES_LOCATION = 'media'

STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'custom_storages.StaticStorage' 
DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'custom_storages.MediaStorage' 

STATIC_URL = "https://%s/%s/" % (AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN, STATICFILES_LOCATION)
MEDIA_URL = "https://%s/%s/" % (AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN, MEDIAFILES_LOCATION)

AWS_HEADERS = {
    'Access-Control-Allow_Origin' : '*'
}

STATIC_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')

STATICFILES_DIR = (
    STATIC_PATH,
)

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')

LOGIN_URL = 'login'
LOGIN_REDIRECT_URL = 'index'

views.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals
from . import forms
from django.shortcuts import redirect
from . import models
from .models import UserProfile
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm
import os
from django.core import serializers
import json

@login_required
def index(request):
    try:
        user = (User.objects.exclude(id=request.user.id).exclude(uservote__voter=request.user).order_by('?')[0])
    except IndexError:
        user = None
    print (User.username)
    try:
        bio = models.UserProfile.objects.get(user=request.user).bio
    except models.UserProfile.DoesNotExist:
        create = UserProfile.objects.get_or_create(user = request.user)
        return redirect('profile')

    friend = models.UserProfile.objects.get(user=request.user).friends.all()
    context = dict(user = user, friend = friend)
    return render(request, 'index.html', context)

def create_vote(request, user_id, vote):
    user = User.objects.get(pk=user_id)
    models.UserVote.objects.create(
        user = user,
        voter = request.user,
        vote = vote
    )
    return redirect('index')

@login_required
def nice(request, user_id):
    return create_vote(request, user_id, True)

@login_required
def nope(request, user_id):
    return create_vote(request, user_id, False)

@login_required
def profile(request):
    info = User.objects.get(username=request.user)
    user = models.UserProfile.objects.get(user=request.user)
    name = info.first_name
    last = info.last_name
    email = info.email
    bio = user.bio
    website = user.website
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = UserCreationForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
        if form.is_valid:
            if request.POST['first_name'] != name:
                info.first_name = request.POST['first_name']
            else:
                info.name = name

            if request.POST['last_name'] != last:
                info.last_name = request.POST['last_name']
            else:
                info.last = last

            if request.POST['email'] != email:
                info.email = request.POST['email']
            else:
                info.email = email

            if request.POST['bio'] != bio:
                user.bio = request.POST['bio']
            else:
                user.bio = bio

            if request.POST['website'] != website:
                user.website = request.POST['website']
            else:
                user.bio = bio

            if len(request.FILES) != 0:
                user.photo = request.FILES['image']

            if info.check_password(request.POST['password']) ==True:
                if request.POST['new_password'] != "":
                    info.set_password(request.POST['new_password'])
            info.save()
            user.save()
    context = dict(info=info, user = user)
    return render(request, "profile.html", context)

def create_vote(request, user_id, vote):
    user = User.objects.get(pk=user_id)
    models.UserVote.objects.create(
        user=user,
        voter=request.user,
        vote=vote
    )
    if vote:
        if models.UserVote.objects.filter(
            user = request.user,
            voter=user,
            vote=True
        ).count():
            npm = models.UserProfile.objects.get(user=request.user)
            npm.friends.add(User.objects.get(username=user.username))

            npm = models.UserProfile.objects.get(user=user)
            npm.friends.add(User.objects.get(username=request.user))

            npm.save()
            return render(request, 'match.html', dict(
                match=user,
            ))
    return redirect('index')

def network(request):
    friend = models.UserProfile.objects.get(user=request.user).friends.all()
    context = dict(friend = friend)
    return render(request, 'network.html', context)

【问题讨论】：

  • 你是怎么拉下代码的？在某处应该有一个名为dj_database_url.py 的文件。
  • 你能显示 pip install dj-database-url 的输出吗
  • @VorsprungdurchTechnik。我刚刚下载了一个 zip 文件。我非常仔细地浏览了它，我没有看到那个文件。这是 git 上的项目的链接。 github.com/TheCodingCrusader/Django_Tinder
  • @AjayTomGeorge 好的，我刚刚这样做了，现在我收到了这个错误。 "引发 KeyError(key) KeyError: 'DATABASE_URL'

标签： django django-settings


【解决方案1】：

settings.py 中没有定义'DATABASE_URL'，默认是从我认为你没有配置的用户变量中获取的default=os.environ['DATABASE_URL'])

由于他没有向您提供 DBConfigration 详细信息，因此您无法启动它并对其进行修补。你可以看到的是创建一个新项目并复制视图、模型、urls.py 并重新启动它

【讨论】：

  • 我尝试了所有 3 个，但每个都得到相同的错误； 'NameError: 名称 'dj_database_url' 未定义'
  • 确保你在使用 runserver 之前进行了 python manage.py migrate。除非使用 DATABASE_URL，否则您将无法获得完整的功能
  • 我试过了，但它仍然给我同名错误。另外，我没有为这个项目创建虚拟环境，我只是用当前数据库下载了一个 zip 文件。这可能与错误有关吗？
  • 问题只是因为您没有按照需要配置所有设置，并且项目没有适当的自述文件。我编辑了答案，首先删除这两行并运行 manage.py migrate。如果它正在工作。它将使用您的本地数据库。
  • 否则用最后两行替换它。从他使用 azure SQL 和 AWS 的代码来看，他没有共享其中的数据。所以你不能只是把它点燃然后玩。只需编辑您的 settings.py 以使用 sqlite3 并删除 aws 但这绝对是一项额外的任务。
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