模板未在 Django 中加载

Question

问题：模板未加载视图 ....

我一直在关注 django 教程，希望能够让我创建的一些模板正常工作。它看起来像这样。

app/templates
└── app
    └── profile.html

设置文件如下所示：

"""
Django settings for demonstration project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.10.3.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

TEMPLATE_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'SOME_KEY_NON_PROD_TESTING_LOCALLY'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'demonstration.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'demonstration.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

教程中提到定义模板目录，所以我定义了：

TEMPLATE_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]

但是，这不起作用，所以我还在模板节中看到了 DIRs 选项，我将其设置为与上面添加的 TEMPLATE_DIRS 相同的值。

我仍然没有看到任何变化。我显然遗漏了一些应该指向模板的配置，但我对目前的配置感到困惑。

观点：

from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse
import requests
import json

# Create your views here.

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse('Hello World!')

def second_view(request):
    return HttpResponse('This is the second view!')

def profile(request):
    jsonList = []
    req = requests.get('https://api.github.com/users/<username_here>')
    jsonList.append(json.loads(req.content.decode()))
    parsedData = []
    userData = {}
    for data in jsonList:
        userData['name'] = data['name']
        userData['email'] = data['email']
        userData['public_gists'] = data['public_gists']
        userData['public_repos'] = data['public_repos']
        userData['avatar_url'] = data['avatar_url']
        userData['followers'] = data['followers']
        userData['following'] = data['following']
    parsedData.append(userData)
    return HttpResponse(parsedData)

localhost:8000/app/profile的页面源

{'followers': 1, 'public_repos': 5, 'avatar_url': 'https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/XXXXX', 'email': None, 'following': 4, 'name': None, 'public_gists': 1}

Answer 1

如果您的 templates 文件夹位于项目根文件夹中，并且您的 profile.html 如下所示： templates/app/profile.html 那么你的视图应该是这样的：

def some_view(request)
    # some code
    return render(request, 'app/profile.html')

您的个人资料视图可能是：

def profile(request)
    # your code
    return render(request, 'app/profile.html', {'data': userData})

现在，在您的模板profile.html 中，您可以访问对象data

Answer 2

需要返回渲染以查看例如return render(request, 'app/profile.html', {'data': parsedData})