Django继承从基类获取typeof子

Question

我有以下三个模型：

from model_utils.managers import InheritanceManager

class Product(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, blank=False, verbose_name="Type here name",)

class Pub(Product):
    product = models.OneToOneField(Product, parent_link=True, )
    seating_capacity = models.IntegerField(null=False, verbose_name="Seating capacity of the Pub",)

class Restaurant(Product):
   product = models.OneToOneField(Product, parent_link=True, )
   food_speciality = MultiSelectField(choices = MY_CHOICES)

我已经实现了 django-cart 并将 Product 作为我的产品模型。我将所有产品退回到我的前端。这基本上将仅具有产品特定属性的产品对象发送到前端，因此很难区分哪个产品是 Pub 哪个是 Restaurant。

如何在后端处理这个问题？有什么方法可以提取/发送产品类型吗？

这就是我的视图：

@api_view(('GET',))
def show(request):
    cart = Cart(request.session)
    products = cart.products
    serializer = ProductSerializer(products, many=True)
    return Response(serializer.data)

它返回例如：

[{"id":1,"name":"Shreyas","price":"45000.00000","avg_user_rating":"4.50000","city":1},{"id":4,"name":"Phadake","price":"350.00000","avg_user_rating":"5.00000","city":2}] 

序列化器：

class ProductSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    category = serializers.ReadOnlyField()
    class Meta:
            model = Product
            fields = '__all__'

Answer 1

选项 1

将带有verbose_name 的Meta 类添加到您的模型中：

class Pub(Product):
    product = models.OneToOneField(Product, parent_link=True, )
    seating_capacity = models.IntegerField(null=False, verbose_name="Seating capacity of the Pub",)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = 'Pub'

class Restaurant(Product):
    product = models.OneToOneField(Product, parent_link=True, )
    food_speciality = MultiSelectField(choices = MY_CHOICES)

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = 'Restaurant'

将这些行添加到ProductSerializer:

category = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

def get_category(self, obj):
    return obj._meta.verbose_name

选项 2

或者，您可以为每个模型添加property。

class Pub(Product):
    product = models.OneToOneField(Product, parent_link=True, )
    seating_capacity = models.IntegerField(null=False, verbose_name="Seating capacity of the Pub",)

    @property
    def category(self):
        return 'Pub'

class Restaurant(Product):
    product = models.OneToOneField(Product, parent_link=True, )
    food_speciality = MultiSelectField(choices = MY_CHOICES)

    @property
    def category(self):
        return 'Restaurant'

然后将这一行添加到ProductSerializer:

category = serializers.ReadOnlyField()

选项 3

当然，如果您不想在模型中添加 Meta 或属性，您也可以选择这样做：

def get_category(self, obj):
    return obj.__class__.__name__

但是你会受到限制，每个类别都等于类的名称，这可能是个问题。