cp: -r 未指定；安装新内核时省略目录'/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules'

Question

在运行常规 apt upgrade 时，apt 向我显示有一个新内核，但安装失败并显示以下消息：

Setting up linux-image-4.19.0-18-amd64 (4.19.208-1) ...
/etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools:
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-4.19.0-18-amd64
cp: -r not specified; omitting directory '/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules'
E: /usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/udev failed with return 1.
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-4.19.0-18-amd64 with 1.
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools exited with return code 1
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-4.19.0-18-amd64 (--configure):
 installed linux-image-4.19.0-18-amd64 package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-amd64:
 linux-image-amd64 depends on linux-image-4.19.0-18-amd64; however:
  Package linux-image-4.19.0-18-amd64 is not configured yet.

Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-image-4.19.0-18-amd64
 linux-image-amd64
 initramfs-tools
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

而且它不会生成新的initrd。 apt install -f、dpkg-reconfigure linux-image-4.19.0-18-amd64、dpkg-reconfigure initramfs-tool 都不起作用。我也下载了那些 deb 文件，但也无济于事。我该怎么办？

Answer 1

错误信息提示错误位于/usr/share/initramfs-tools/hooks/udev。

在脚本的末尾，您可以找到类似的内容

# now copy all custom udev rules which don't have an equivalent in /lib (e. g.
# 70-persistent-net.rules or similar); They might contain network names or
# other bits which are relevant for the initramfs.
for rules in /etc/udev/rules.d/*.rules; do
  if [ -e "$rules" ] && [ ! -e "/lib/${rules#/etc/}" ]; then
    cp -p "$rules" "$DESTDIR/lib/udev/rules.d/"
  fi
done

将-r 选项添加到cp 就像cp -rp "$rules" "$DESTDIR/lib/udev/rules.d/ 一样，apt install -f 之后一切运行顺利。