程序和启动类
.NET Core 2.x
您不需要在Startup 构造函数中新建IConfiguration。它的实现将由 DI 系统注入。
// Program.cs
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
BuildWebHost(args).Run();
}
public static IWebHost BuildWebHost(string[] args) =>
WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
.UseStartup<Startup>()
.Build();
}
// Startup.cs
public class Startup
{
public IHostingEnvironment HostingEnvironment { get; private set; }
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; private set; }
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
this.HostingEnvironment = env;
this.Configuration = configuration;
}
}
.NET Core 1.x
您需要告诉Startup 加载appsettings 文件。
// Program.cs
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
var host = new WebHostBuilder()
.UseKestrel()
.UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
.UseIISIntegration()
.UseStartup<Startup>()
.UseApplicationInsights()
.Build();
host.Run();
}
}
//Startup.cs
public class Startup
{
public IConfigurationRoot Configuration { get; private set; }
public Startup(IHostingEnvironment env)
{
var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
.SetBasePath(env.ContentRootPath)
.AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: false, reloadOnChange: true)
.AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{env.EnvironmentName}.json", optional: true)
.AddEnvironmentVariables();
this.Configuration = builder.Build();
}
...
}
获取价值
您可以通过多种方式获取从应用设置中配置的值：
假设您的appsettings.json 如下所示：
{
"ConnectionStrings": {
...
},
"AppIdentitySettings": {
"User": {
"RequireUniqueEmail": true
},
"Password": {
"RequiredLength": 6,
"RequireLowercase": true,
"RequireUppercase": true,
"RequireDigit": true,
"RequireNonAlphanumeric": true
},
"Lockout": {
"AllowedForNewUsers": true,
"DefaultLockoutTimeSpanInMins": 30,
"MaxFailedAccessAttempts": 5
}
},
"Recaptcha": {
...
},
...
}
简单方法
您可以将整个配置注入您的控制器/类的构造函数（通过IConfiguration）并使用指定的键获取您想要的值：
public class AccountController : Controller
{
private readonly IConfiguration _config;
public AccountController(IConfiguration config)
{
_config = config;
}
[AllowAnonymous]
public IActionResult ResetPassword(int userId, string code)
{
var vm = new ResetPasswordViewModel
{
PasswordRequiredLength = _config.GetValue<int>(
"AppIdentitySettings:Password:RequiredLength"),
RequireUppercase = _config.GetValue<bool>(
"AppIdentitySettings:Password:RequireUppercase")
};
return View(vm);
}
}
选项模式
如果您只需要应用设置中的一两个值，ConfigurationBuilder.GetValue<T> 就非常有用。但是，如果您想从应用设置中获取多个值，或者您不想在多个位置对这些键字符串进行硬编码，那么使用 Options Pattern 可能会更容易。选项模式使用类来表示层次/结构。
使用选项模式：
- 定义类来表示结构
- 注册这些类绑定的配置实例
- 将
IOptions<T> 注入到要获取值的控制器/类的构造函数中
1。定义配置类来表示结构
您可以定义具有需要完全匹配应用设置中的键的属性的类。类的名称不必与应用设置中的部分名称匹配：
public class AppIdentitySettings
{
public UserSettings User { get; set; }
public PasswordSettings Password { get; set; }
public LockoutSettings Lockout { get; set; }
}
public class UserSettings
{
public bool RequireUniqueEmail { get; set; }
}
public class PasswordSettings
{
public int RequiredLength { get; set; }
public bool RequireLowercase { get; set; }
public bool RequireUppercase { get; set; }
public bool RequireDigit { get; set; }
public bool RequireNonAlphanumeric { get; set; }
}
public class LockoutSettings
{
public bool AllowedForNewUsers { get; set; }
public int DefaultLockoutTimeSpanInMins { get; set; }
public int MaxFailedAccessAttempts { get; set; }
}
2。注册配置实例
然后你需要在启动时在ConfigureServices()注册这个配置实例：
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
...
namespace DL.SO.UI.Web
{
public class Startup
{
...
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
...
var identitySettingsSection =
_configuration.GetSection("AppIdentitySettings");
services.Configure<AppIdentitySettings>(identitySettingsSection);
...
}
...
}
}
3。注入 IOptions
最后在要获取值的控制器/类上，需要通过构造函数注入IOptions<AppIdentitySettings>：
public class AccountController : Controller
{
private readonly AppIdentitySettings _appIdentitySettings;
public AccountController(IOptions<AppIdentitySettings> appIdentitySettingsAccessor)
{
_appIdentitySettings = appIdentitySettingsAccessor.Value;
}
[AllowAnonymous]
public IActionResult ResetPassword(int userId, string code)
{
var vm = new ResetPasswordViewModel
{
PasswordRequiredLength = _appIdentitySettings.Password.RequiredLength,
RequireUppercase = _appIdentitySettings.Password.RequireUppercase
};
return View(vm);
}
}