Django ORM如何在查询中引用另一行？

Question

我有下表“书”：

id     shelf   position (on shelf)
 1        2        3
 2        1        1
 3        1        2
 4        2        2
 5        2        1

我需要将 book4 移动到书架 1 的末尾，因此我需要设置 book4 位置到 [max(position) whereshelf=1] + 1 和位置 where position=[max(position) where Shelf=2] 到 book4 的初始位置（缩小差距）

我试过这个，但 Max 似乎不是这样工作的......

Book.objects.filter(shelf=2).annotate(max_position_on_shelf=Max('position'))\
                       .filter(position=F('max_position_on_shelf'))\
                       .update(position=F('max_position_on_shelf') + 1)

Answer 1

做的更简单：

from django.db.models import Max

class Book(models.Model):
    ....

    def move(self, shelf_num):
        Book.objects.filter(shelf=self.shelf).order_by('-position')[:1].update(position=self.position)
        self.position = Book.objects.filter(shelf=shelf_num).aggregate(Max('position')) + 1
        self.save()

Answer 2

这将允许您将一本书移动到任何位置

class Book(models.Model):
    ...

    def move(self, new_position):
        current_position = self.position

        # No move
        if current_position == new_position:
            return

        # Move book "left" (to a lower position number)
        elif current_position > new_position:  # 4 -> 2
            move = 1
            start = new_position  # 2
            end = current_position  # 4

        #Move book "right" (to a higher position number)
        else:  # 2 -> 4
            move = -1
            start = current_position  # 2
            end = new_position  # 4

        Books.objects.filter(
            shelf=self.shelf,
            position__gte=start,
            position__lte=end,
        ).exclude(
            pk=self.pk  # Move this manually
        ).update(
            position=F('position') + move
        )

        self.position = new_position
        self.save()