嵌套序列化不知道创建外键它需要一个新对象而不是“id”

Question

这是我的模型、序列化程序和输出，但是当我想创建一个新页面时，它要求我添加一个全新的用户，因为它只是一个外键，它需要是一个像 1（用户 ID）这样的数字并且相同在类别的情况下我该如何解决它....请帮帮我

serializers.py

​​>

class TeamMembersSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = TeamMembers
        fields = [
            'user',
            'page',
        ]
        depth = 1

class SocialAccountsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    social = SocialCatSerializer()
    class Meta:
        model = SocialAccounts
        fields = [
            'page',
            'social',
            'link'
        ]
        depth = 1

class PageImageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = PageImages
        fields = [
            'page',
            'image',
        ]
        depth = 1

class PageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    owner = UserSerializer()
    catagory = BusinessCatSerializers()
    business_type = BusinessTypeSerializer()
    TeamMembers = TeamMembersSerializer(read_only=True)
    social_accounts = SocialAccountsSerializer(read_only=True)
    images = PageImageSerializer(read_only=True)
    class Meta:
        model =Page
        fields = [
            'id',
            'owner',
            'catagory',
            'name',
            'username',
            'images',
            'start_date',
            'business_type',
            'contect_number',
            'email_address',
            'website',
            'TeamMembers',
            'social_accounts',
            'about',
            'impression',
            'Awards',
            'Product',
            'privacy_policy',
            'is_active',
        ]

---

模型.py

class Page(models.Model):
    owner = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    catagory = models.ForeignKey(BusinessCatagories, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, blank=True, default=None)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=254, unique=True ,default=None, blank=True)
    username = models.CharField(max_length=254, unique=True, blank=True)
    start_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
    business_type = models.ForeignKey(BusinessType, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, blank=True, default=None)
    contect_number = models.CharField(max_length=254, default=None, blank=True)
    email_address = models.EmailField(default=None, blank=True)
    website = models.URLField(default=None, blank=True)
    about = models.TextField(default=None, blank=True)
    impression = models.TextField(default=None, blank=True)
    Awards = models.CharField(max_length=254, default=None, blank=True)
    Product = models.CharField(max_length=254, default=None, blank=True)
    privacy_policy = models.URLField(default=None, blank=True)
    is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

class TeamMembers(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=None, blank=True)
    page =  models.ForeignKey(Page, on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=None, blank=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.user.name

class SocialAccounts(models.Model):
    page = models.ForeignKey(Page, on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=None, blank=True)
    social = models.ForeignKey(SocialCats, on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=None, blank=True)
    link = models.URLField(default=None, blank=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.link

class PageImages(models.Model):
    page = models.ForeignKey(Page, on_delete=models.CASCADE, default=None, blank=True)
    image = models.ImageField(default=None, blank=True, upload_to=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.page.name

---

输出是这个，但我需要图像字段 TeamMember 字段，但它没有出现，而且它希望我添加一个新用户而不是询问外键“id”

Answer 1

您想要的是使用主键相关字段。它可以帮助您使用其主键来表示关系的目标。

它应该看起来像这样。
注意：请注意任何名称的拼写错误

class PageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    owner = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(queryset = User.objects.all())
    catagory = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(queryset = BuisnessCat.objects.all())
    business_type = BusinessTypeSerializer()
    TeamMembers = TeamMembersSerializer(read_only=True)
    social_accounts = SocialAccountsSerializer(read_only=True)
    images = PageImageSerializer(read_only=True)

您可以阅读有关 PrimaryKeyRelatedField here 的更多信息。

现在，无论何时创建任何页面，您只需要提供所有者和类别的主键即可。

Answer 2

您正在寻找Writable Nested Serializer。

简而言之，您必须覆盖 PageSerializer 的 create() 方法

class PageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    ....
    ....
    your code
    def create(self, validated_data):
        # pop data of every related fields like "owner", "cateagory" etc from validated_data
        owner = validated_data.pop("owner")
        owner = User.objects.create(**owner)

        category = validated_data.pop("category")
        # create or retrieve category instance ,as above
        ...
        ...
        ...
        # finally
        return Page.objects.create(**validated_data,owner=owner,category=category, and other related instances)