在 prod 和 dev 中拆分 settings.py 导致 ModuleNotFoundError，为什么？

Question

我是 django 新手，正在尝试部署我的应用程序。我想将我的 设置 分成两部分（dev 和 prod）。

当我只用一个settings.py 文件执行python manage.py runserver 时，它运行良好。

我现在有以下文件夹结构：

• 应用程序
• 核心
  • pycache
  • 设置
    • pycache
    • init.py
    • base.py
    • dev.py
    • prod.py
  • init.py
  • asgi.py
  • urls.py
  • utils.py
  • wsgi.py
• 媒体
• 等

base.py

from pathlib import Path
import os
import sys

from django.contrib.messages import constants as messages

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "apps"))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = "my_secret_key"

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    "account.apps.AccountConfig",
    "address.apps.AddressConfig",
    "basket.apps.BasketConfig",
    "contact.apps.ContactConfig",
    "discount.apps.DiscountConfig",
    "home_page.apps.HomePageConfig",
    "la_marque.apps.LaMarqueConfig",
    "orders.apps.OrdersConfig",
    "payment.apps.PaymentConfig",
    "shipping.apps.ShippingConfig",
    "store.apps.StoreConfig",
    "django.contrib.admin",
    "django.contrib.auth",
    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
    "django.contrib.sessions",
    "django.contrib.messages",
    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
    "django_extensions",
]


MIDDLEWARE = [
    "django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware",
    "django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware",
    "django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware",
]

ROOT_URLCONF = "core.urls"

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        "BACKEND": "django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates",
        "DIRS": [BASE_DIR / "templates"],
        "APP_DIRS": True,
        "OPTIONS": {
            "context_processors": [
                "django.template.context_processors.debug",
                "django.template.context_processors.request",
                "django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth",
                "django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages",
                "basket.context_processors.basket",
            ],
        },
    },
]


AUTH_USER_MODEL = "account.Account"

WSGI_APPLICATION = "core.wsgi.application"

DATABASES = {
    "default": {
        "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.sqlite3",
        "NAME": BASE_DIR / "monoi_django_test_db.sqlite3",
    }
}

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator",
    },
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator",
    },
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator",
    },
    {
        "NAME": "django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator",
    },
]


LANGUAGE_CODE = "en-us"

TIME_ZONE = "Europe/Paris"

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

STATIC_URL = "/static/"

STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static")]

MEDIA_URL = "/media/"
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "media/")

当我运行python manage.py runserver --settings=core.settings.dev 时，出现以下错误：

(monoi_virtualenv) C:\Users\alexis.lerendu-perne\Documents\monoi>python manage.py runserver --settings=core.settings.dev
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Exception in thread django-main-thread:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python39\Lib\threading.py", line 954, in _bootstrap_inner
    self.run()
  File "C:\Python39\Lib\threading.py", line 892, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\alexis.lerendu-perne\Documents\monoi_virtualenv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\alexis.lerendu-perne\Documents\monoi_virtualenv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 110, in inner_run
    autoreload.raise_last_exception()
  File "C:\Users\alexis.lerendu-perne\Documents\monoi_virtualenv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 87, in raise_last_exception
    raise _exception[1]
  File "C:\Users\alexis.lerendu-perne\Documents\monoi_virtualenv\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 375, in execute
    autoreload.check_errors(django.setup)()
  File "C:\Users\alexis.lerendu-perne\Documents\monoi_virtualenv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\alexis.lerendu-perne\Documents\monoi_virtualenv\lib\site-packages\django\__init__.py", line 24, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "C:\Users\alexis.lerendu-perne\Documents\monoi_virtualenv\lib\site-packages\django\apps\registry.py", line 91, in populate
    app_config = AppConfig.create(entry)
  File "C:\Users\alexis.lerendu-perne\Documents\monoi_virtualenv\lib\site-packages\django\apps\config.py", line 212, in create
    mod = import_module(mod_path)
  File "C:\Python39\Lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1030, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1007, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 972, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 228, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1030, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1007, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 984, in _find_and_load_unlocked
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'account'

我猜这个错误与 base.py 中的AUTH_USER_MODEL 有关...对吗？我该如何解决这个问题？

dev.py

from .base import *

prod.py

from .base import *
DEBUG = False

编辑

如果我注释INSTALLED_APPS，account.apps.AccountConfig的第一行，那么，我有以下错误：ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'address'

如果我在INSTALLED_APPS 中将account.apps.AccountConfig 更改为account，它不会改变任何东西。我还有：ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'account'

apps/account/apps.py

from django.apps import AppConfig

class AccountConfig(AppConfig):
    name = "account"

Answer 1

尝试像这样在 INSTALLED_APPS 的顶部移动默认的 django 应用程序。

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    "django.contrib.admin",
    "django.contrib.auth",
    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
    "django.contrib.sessions",
    "django.contrib.messages",
    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
    "django_extensions",
    .... #Your Apps Here
]