让我为你分解一下。 （顺便说一句，你可以在这里获取它：http://richardhightower.github.io/site/Boon/Welcome.html）
我把这个添加到了恩惠：
public static String postForm(final String url, final Map<String, ?> headers,
final Map<String, Object> formData
)
这里的关键是编码二进制数据：
String response = HTTP.postForm ( "http://localhost:9220/test",
Collections.EMPTY_MAP,
map("hI", (Object)"hi-mom", "image", new byte[] {1,2,3})
);
boolean ok = true;
ok |= response.startsWith ("hI=hi-mom&image=%01%02%03\n") ||
die("encoding did not work");
以上是一个测试，表明它在我理解规范的情况下有效。
关键是把“image”，new byte[] {1,2,3}变成image\u0000=%01%02%03。
顺便说一句，地图只是一种创建地图的实用方法（在底部列出）。
http 服务器只是一个回声。
return Exceptions.tryIt(String.class, new Exceptions.TrialWithReturn<String>() {
@Override
public String tryIt() throws Exception {
URLConnection connection;
connection = doPostFormData(url, headers, formData);
return extractResponseString(connection);
}
});
神奇的发生在 doPostFormData：
private static URLConnection doPostFormData(String url, Map<String, ?> headers,
Map<String, Object> formData
) throws IOException {
HttpURLConnection connection;/* Handle output. */
connection = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(url).openConnection();
connection.setConnectTimeout(DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS * 1000);
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.addRequestProperty ( "Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" );
ByteBuf buf = ByteBuf.create ( 244 );
final Set<String> keys = formData.keySet ();
int index = 0;
for ( String key : keys ) {
Object value = formData.get ( key );
if (index > 0) {
buf.addByte ( '&' );
}
buf.addUrlEncoded ( key );
buf.addByte ( '=' );
if ( ! ( value instanceof byte[] ) ) {
buf.addUrlEncoded ( value.toString () );
} else {
buf.addUrlEncodedByteArray((byte[]) value);
}
index++;
}
manageContentTypeHeaders ( "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name (), connection );
manageHeaders(headers, connection);
int len = buf.len ();
IO.write(connection.getOutputStream(),
new String(buf.readForRecycle (), 0, len, StandardCharsets.UTF_8), IO.DEFAULT_CHARSET);
return connection;
}
注意对 addUrlEncodedByteArray 的调用传递了一个字节数组。
Java 可以很好地处理字符串的 URL 编码。我找不到简单的方法
编码一个字节数组，所以我只是写了它。
public void addUrlEncodedByteArray ( byte[] value ) {
final byte[] encoded = new byte [2];
for (int index = 0; index < value.length; index++) {
int i = value[index];
if ( i >= 'a' && i <= 'z' ) {
this.addByte ( i );
} else if ( i >= 'A' && i <= 'Z' ) {
this.addByte ( i );
} else if ( i >= '0' && i <= '9' ) {
this.addByte ( i );
} else if ( i == '_' || i == '-' || i == '.' || i == '*') {
this.addByte ( i );
} else if ( i == ' ') {
this.addByte ( '+' );
} else {
encodeByteIntoTwoAsciiCharBytes(i, encoded);
this.addByte ( '%' );
this.addByte ( encoded [0] );
this.addByte ( encoded [1] );
}
}
}
这不是最漂亮的。但是单元测试有效。
我相信你明白要点。它遵循规范并进行相应的转换。
所有不在特定范围内的数据都使用 %hexdigit hexdigit 进行编码。
那么你只有这两种方法来完成编码：
/**
* Turns a single nibble into an ascii HEX digit.
*
* @param nibble the nibble to encode.
*
* @return the encoded nibble (1/2 byte).
*/
protected static int encodeNibbleToHexAsciiCharByte( final int nibble ) {
switch ( nibble ) {
case 0x00:
case 0x01:
case 0x02:
case 0x03:
case 0x04:
case 0x05:
case 0x06:
case 0x07:
case 0x08:
case 0x09:
return nibble + 0x30; // 0x30('0') - 0x39('9')
case 0x0A:
case 0x0B:
case 0x0C:
case 0x0D:
case 0x0E:
case 0x0F:
return nibble + 0x57; // 0x41('a') - 0x46('f')
default:
die("illegal nibble: " + nibble);
return -1;
}
}
/**
* Turn a single bytes into two hex character representation.
*
* @param decoded the byte to encode.
* @param encoded the array to which each encoded nibbles are now ascii hex representations.
*/
public static void encodeByteIntoTwoAsciiCharBytes(final int decoded, final byte[] encoded) {
Objects.requireNonNull ( encoded );
boolean ok = true;
ok |= encoded.length == 2 || die("encoded array must be 2");
encoded[0] = (byte) encodeNibbleToHexAsciiCharByte((decoded >> 4) & 0x0F);
encoded[1] = (byte) encodeNibbleToHexAsciiCharByte(decoded & 0x0F);
}
这是重要的部分。其余的只是处理 HTTP 请求/标头 gak。
这里是 manageContentTypeHeaders
manageContentTypeHeaders ( "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name (), connection );
...
private static void manageContentTypeHeaders(String contentType, String charset, URLConnection connection) {
connection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", charset == null ? StandardCharsets.UTF_8.displayName() : charset);
if (contentType!=null && !contentType.isEmpty()) {
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", contentType);
}
}
这里是管理标题
manageHeaders(headers, connection);
...
private static void manageHeaders(Map<String, ?> headers, URLConnection connection) {
if (headers != null) {
for (Map.Entry<String, ?> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
connection.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().toString());
}
}
}
然后我们用 UTF_8 编码要发送的流：
int len = buf.len ();
IO.write(connection.getOutputStream(),
new String(buf.readForRecycle (), 0, len, StandardCharsets.UTF_8), IO.DEFAULT_CHARSET);
IO 写入就是这样做的：
IO.write...
public static void write ( OutputStream out, String content, Charset charset ) {
try ( OutputStream o = out ) {
o.write ( content.getBytes ( charset ) );
} catch ( Exception ex ) {
Exceptions.handle ( ex );
}
}
ByteBuf 与 ByteBuffer 类似，但更易于使用且速度非常快。我有基准。 :)
我错过了什么？
让我知道它是否适合你。
--瑞克
map 函数只是实用方法，因此我可以简洁地表示地图，因为我发现我经常使用它们。它只会到 9 或 10。除此之外，我还有一种方法可以传递条目列表。
public static <K, V> Map<K, V> map(K k0, V v0) {
Map<K, V> map = new LinkedHashMap<>(10);
map.put(k0, v0);
return map;
}
public static <K, V> Map<K, V> map(K k0, V v0, K k1, V v1) {
Map<K, V> map = new LinkedHashMap<>(10);
map.put(k0, v0);
map.put(k1, v1);
return map;
}
public static <K, V> Map<K, V> map(K k0, V v0, K k1, V v1, K k2, V v2) {
Map<K, V> map = new LinkedHashMap<>(10);
map.put(k0, v0);
map.put(k1, v1);
map.put(k2, v2);
return map;
}
public static <K, V> Map<K, V> map(K k0, V v0, K k1, V v1, K k2, V v2, K k3,
V v3) {
Map<K, V> map = new LinkedHashMap<>(10);
map.put(k0, v0);
map.put(k1, v1);
map.put(k2, v2);
map.put(k3, v3);
return map;
}
public static <K, V> Map<K, V> map(K k0, V v0, K k1, V v1, K k2, V v2, K k3,
V v3, K k4, V v4) {
Map<K, V> map = new LinkedHashMap<>(10);
map.put(k0, v0);
map.put(k1, v1);
map.put(k2, v2);
map.put(k3, v3);
map.put(k4, v4);
return map;
}
public static <K, V> Map<K, V> map(K k0, V v0, K k1, V v1, K k2, V v2, K k3,
V v3, K k4, V v4, K k5, V v5) {
Map<K, V> map = new LinkedHashMap<>(10);
map.put(k0, v0);
map.put(k1, v1);
map.put(k2, v2);
map.put(k3, v3);
map.put(k4, v4);
map.put(k5, v5);
return map;
}
public static <K, V> Map<K, V> map(K k0, V v0, K k1, V v1, K k2, V v2, K k3,
V v3, K k4, V v4, K k5, V v5, K k6, V v6) {
Map<K, V> map = new LinkedHashMap<>(10);
map.put(k0, v0);
map.put(k1, v1);
map.put(k2, v2);
map.put(k3, v3);
map.put(k4, v4);
map.put(k5, v5);
map.put(k6, v6);
return map;
}
public static <K, V> Map<K, V> map(K k0, V v0, K k1, V v1, K k2, V v2, K k3,
V v3, K k4, V v4, K k5, V v5, K k6, V v6, K k7, V v7) {
Map<K, V> map = new LinkedHashMap<>(10);
map.put(k0, v0);
map.put(k1, v1);
map.put(k2, v2);
map.put(k3, v3);
map.put(k4, v4);
map.put(k5, v5);
map.put(k6, v6);
map.put(k7, v7);
return map;
}
public static <K, V> Map<K, V> map(K k0, V v0, K k1, V v1, K k2, V v2, K k3,
V v3, K k4, V v4, K k5, V v5, K k6, V v6, K k7, V v7, K k8, V v8) {
Map<K, V> map = new LinkedHashMap<>(10);
map.put(k0, v0);
map.put(k1, v1);
map.put(k2, v2);
map.put(k3, v3);
map.put(k4, v4);
map.put(k5, v5);
map.put(k6, v6);
map.put(k7, v7);
map.put(k8, v8);
return map;
}
public static <K, V> Map<K, V> map(K k0, V v0, K k1, V v1, K k2, V v2, K k3,
V v3, K k4, V v4, K k5, V v5, K k6, V v6, K k7, V v7, K k8, V v8,
K k9, V v9) {
Map<K, V> map = new LinkedHashMap<>(10);
map.put(k0, v0);
map.put(k1, v1);
map.put(k2, v2);
map.put(k3, v3);
map.put(k4, v4);
map.put(k5, v5);
map.put(k6, v6);
map.put(k7, v7);
map.put(k8, v8);
map.put(k9, v9);
return map;
}