Elasticsearch：搜索分数让我困惑。不同匹配级别的相同分数

Question

为了简化：

PUT /test/vendors/1
{
  "type": "doctor",
  "name": "Ron",
  "place": "Boston"  
}

PUT /test/vendors/2
{
  "type": "doctor",
  "name": "Tom",
  "place": "Boston"  

}

PUT /test/vendors/3
{
  "type": "doctor",
  "name": "Jack",
  "place": "San Fran"  

}

然后搜索：

GET /test/_search
{
  "query": {
    "multi_match" : {
      "query":    "doctor in Boston", 
      "fields": [ "type", "place" ] 
    }
  }
}

我明白为什么我会找到在旧金山工作的Jack——因为他也是doctor。但是，我不明白为什么比赛得分对他来说是一样的。另外两个也与place 匹配，不是吗？为什么Ron 和Tom 得分不高？

{
  "took": 11,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": 0.9245277,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "test",
        "_type": "vendors",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 0.9245277,
        "_source": {
          "type": "doctor",
          "name": "Tom",
          "place": "Boston"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test",
        "_type": "vendors",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 0.9245277,
        "_source": {
          "type": "doctor",
          "name": "Ron",
          "place": "Boston"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test",
        "_type": "vendors",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": 0.9245277,
        "_source": {
          "type": "doctor",
          "name": "Jack",
          "place": "San Fran"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

当找到较少的搜索关键字时，有没有办法强制它得分较低？另外，如果我在这种搜索方面走错了路，并且有更好的模式/方式来做这件事——我很高兴能指出正确的方向。

Answer 1

您的搜索结构不正确。上面的搜索查询忽略了place 属性，这就是为什么所有文档都获得相同分数的原因（仅考虑type 属性）。原因是works_at是嵌套映射，在搜索时应该区别对待。

首先，您应该将works_at 定义为嵌套映射（阅读更多here）。然后，您必须调整查询以使用该嵌套映射，请参阅示例 here。

Answer 2

GET /test/_search
{
  "query": {
    "multi_match" : {
      "query":    "doctor in Boston", 
      "fields": [ "type", "place" ],
      "type": "most_fields" .   <---- I WAS MISSING THIS
    }
  }
}

一旦进入，就会给出正确的结果，其中“San Fran”家伙的得分较低。

{
  "took": 8,
  "timed_out": false,
  "_shards": {
    "total": 5,
    "successful": 5,
    "skipped": 0,
    "failed": 0
  },
  "hits": {
    "total": 3,
    "max_score": 1.2122098,
    "hits": [
      {
        "_index": "test",
        "_type": "vendors",
        "_id": "2",
        "_score": 1.2122098,
        "_source": {
          "type": "doctor",
          "name": "Tom",
          "place": "Boston"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test",
        "_type": "vendors",
        "_id": "1",
        "_score": 1.2122098,
        "_source": {
          "type": "doctor",
          "name": "Ron",
          "place": "Boston"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index": "test",
        "_type": "vendors",
        "_id": "3",
        "_score": 0.9245277,
        "_source": {
          "type": "doctor",
          "name": "Jack",
          "place": "San Fran"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}