外键必须与 @ManyToMany 链接表的引用主键具有相同的列数答案

【问题标题】：Foreign key must have same number of columns as the referenced primary key of the @ManyToMany linked table外键必须与 @ManyToMany 链接表的引用主键具有相同的列数
【发布时间】：2020-08-31 13:37:55
【问题描述】：

我在实体Function 和Result 之间存在多对多关系，并且我使用了一个名为Function_produces_result 的关联表。

AbstractEntity.java：

@Getter
@Setter
@MappedSuperclass
@EntityListeners(AuditingEntityListener.class)
@ToString
public abstract class AbstractEntity {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
}

FunctionEntity.java：

@Entity
@Table(name = "function")
@Getter
@Setter
public class FunctionEntity extends AbstractEntity {

    private String description;

    @ManyToMany
    @JoinTable(
        name = "function_produces_result",
        joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "function_id"),
        inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "result_id")
    )
    Set<ResultEntity> producedResults;
}

FunctionProduceResultEntity.java：

@Entity
@Table(name="function_produces_result")
@Getter
@Setter
public class FunctionProduceResultEntity extends AbstractEntity {
    
    private int rank;

    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "function_id", nullable = false)
    private FunctionEntity function;
    
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "result_id", nullable = false)
    private ResultEntity result;
}

ResultEntity.java

@Entity
@Table(name = "result")
@Getter
@Setter
public class ResultEntity extends AbstractEntity {

    @Column(nullable = false, unique = true)
    private String code;

    private String name;

    @Column(nullable = false)
    private String type;
}

函数输入实体：

@Entity
@Table(name="function_input")
@Getter
@Setter
public class FunctionInputEntity extends AbstractEntity {

    @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
    @Column(nullable = false)
    private FunctionInputTypeEnum type;
    
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "function_id", nullable = false)
    private FunctionEntity function;
    
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "driver_id")
    private DriverEntity driver;
    
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "function_result_id")
    private FunctionProduceResultEntity sourceResource;
}

当我启动服务器时出现此错误：

Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.MappingException: Foreign key (FK4t4snpmx4ck9oj8wkjxvjkg88:function_input [function_result_id])) must have same number of columns as the referenced primary key (function_produces_result [function_id,result_id])
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:342)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:113)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1697)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1442)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:593)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:516)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:324)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:226)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:322)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeansOfType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:624)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeansOfType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:612)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.config.DeferredRepositoryInitializationListener.onApplicationEvent(DeferredRepositoryInitializationListener.java:51)
    at org.springframework.data.repository.config.DeferredRepositoryInitializationListener.onApplicationEvent(DeferredRepositoryInitializationListener.java:36)
    at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.doInvokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:172)
    at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:165)
    at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:139)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:404)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:361)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishRefresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:898)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:554)
    at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:143)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:758)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:750)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1237)
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1226)
    at com.socgen.marvel.ego.Application.main(Application.java:10)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
    at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49)

有foreign key must have same number of columns as the referenced primary key for many-to-one mapping和Hibernate MappingException: Foreign key must have same number of columns as the referenced primary key等类似的问题，但不解决我的问题。

【问题讨论】：

能否请您也显示AbstractEntity 实体。你用的是什么休眠版本？我没有看到@Id 映射的任何字段...
@SternK 我编辑了问题并添加了AbstractEntity

标签： java postgresql hibernate jpa

【解决方案1】：

在 FunctionInputEntity 中，Hibernate 需要其中的两个外键引用。可以试试下面的吗？

@ManyToOne
    @JoinColumns({
       @JoinColumn(name = "function_id"),
       @JoinColumn(name = "result_id")
    })
private FunctionProduceResultEntity sourceResource;

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

您的问题的根本原因是您尝试将@ManyToManymapping 与通过@JoinTable 的隐藏链接表和通过linked entity 的映射混合。实际上，您的链接表function_produces_result 具有id 主键，但是当您通过@JoinTable 注释使用映射时，hibernate 假定链接表应该具有基于@ManyToMany 关联的外键的复合主键.

所以，我建议你用以下方式重写FunctionEntity实体的映射：

@Entity
@Table(name = "function")
public class FunctionEntity extends AbstractEntity
{
   @OneToMany(mappedBy = "function")
   @MapKey(name = "result")
   private Map<ResultEntity, FunctionProduceResultEntity> producedResults;
}

它将简化从FunctionEntity 实体对ResultEntity 实体的访问。

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

您的问题与：

@JoinTable(
            name = "function_produces_result",
            joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "function_id"),
            inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "result_id")
    )

您告诉 Spring 多对多关系如何开始 FunctionEntitys，但没有提供说明告诉 spring 字段 result_id 在另一侧映射到什么（即您没有指定它在哪里结束)，只是它是多对多关系的一部分。

要解决此问题，您可以将以下内容添加到您的 ResultEntity 类定义中：

@ManyToMany(mappedBy = "producedResults")
Set<FunctionEntity> functionEntities = new HashSet<>();

从我在这里可以在线看到的内容来看，它应该可以工作：https://www.infoworld.com/article/3387643/java-persistence-with-jpa-and-hibernate-part-2-many-to-many-relationships.html

【讨论】：