django rest框架：在同一路径中包含相关的模型字段答案

【问题标题】：django rest framework: include related model fields in same pathdjango rest框架：在同一路径中包含相关的模型字段
【发布时间】：2017-05-26 10:41:55
【问题描述】：

class ProductSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
       model = Product
       fields = ('id','product_id','sku', 'title','price','images')

class WishListSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
      product = ProductSerializer()

      class Meta:
        model = WishList
        fields = ('wishlist_id','product',)

我有两个序列化程序。愿望清单和产品。我想列出所有愿望清单产品。它现在工作正常。但产品细节在“产品”关键元素中。我可以删除该产品密钥，并显示产品详细信息以及 wishlist_id 吗？

目前结果：

 {
      "count": 2,
      "next": null,
      "previous": null,
      "results": [
        {
          "wishlist_id":1,
          "product": {
            "id": 1460,
            "product_id": "04396134-3c90-ea7b-24ba-1fb0db11dbe5",
            "sku": "bb4sd817",
            "title": "Trinity Belt",

          }
        },
        {
          "wishlist_id":2,
          "product": {
            "id": 596,
            "product_id": "52588d22-a62c-779b-8044-0f8d9892e853",
            "sku": "ml346",
            "title": "Martina Liana",
          }
        }
      ]
    }

预期结果：

    {
      "count": 2,
      "next": null,
      "previous": null,
      "results": [
        {
          "wishlist_id":1,
          "id": 1460,
          "product_id": "04396134-3c90-ea7b-24ba-1fb0db11dbe5",
          "sku": "bb4sd817",
          "title": "Trinity Belt",

        },
        {
          "wishlist_id":2,
          "id": 596,
          "product_id": "52588d22-a62c-779b-8044-0f8d9892e853",
          "sku": "ml346",
          "title": "Martina Liana",
        }
      ]
    }

【问题讨论】：

标签： django django-models django-rest-framework django-serializer

【解决方案1】：

这是一个非常糟糕的做法，你需要付出很多努力来实现序列化和反序列化，尤其是在 Post、Update 等情况下。我可以想到2种方法。 1）您可以在 WishListSerializer 中使用缺少的字段作为 SerializerMethodField 例子

product_id = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

 def get_product_id(self, obj):
        return obj.get_product().product_id

class WishListSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    product_id = serializers.CharField(source='product.product_id')
    .......

    class Meta:
        model = WishList
        fields = (product_id, ......)

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

您可以“取消嵌套”to_representation 中的项目上面的文档https://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/fields/#custom-fields

...
class WishListSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    product = ProductSerializer()

    class Meta:
        model = WishList
        fields = ('wishlist_id', 'product',)

    # add 
    def to_representation(self, instance):
        data = super().to_representation(instance)
        flat_data = dict(wishlist_id=data['wishlist_id'], **data['product']) # construct (new dict) flat data 
        # or you could restructure same dict: data.update(data.pop('product')) 
        return flat_data

【讨论】：