Python POST via REST API 错误 JSONArray cannot be cast to JSONObject答案

【问题标题】：Python POST via REST API error JSONArray cannot be cast to JSONObjectPython POST via REST API 错误 JSONArray cannot be cast to JSONObject
【发布时间】：2016-02-03 16:28:12
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试创建一个执行以下操作的 python 脚本：

解析 CSV 文件
通过 REST API 将 CSV 文件发送到远程服务器

我的代码正在解析 CSV 文件并将其转换为 JSON 对象。

但是，当它导入到远程服务器时，会返回错误消息：org.json.simple.JSONArray cannot be cast to org.json.simple.JSONObject

我认为这可能是因为我的代码正在创建对象数组而不是 JSON 对象。如何解决此问题，以便我的脚本上传 CSV 数据并将列和值正确映射到远程表？

#Requests package for python import requests
import csv
import json
import requests

f = open('example_import_csv.csv', 'rU')
reader = csv.DictReader(f, fieldnames = ("u_date","u_product","u_serial_number"))
out = json.dumps([row for row in reader])
print(out) 

#Set request parameters
url = 'xxxxxx'
user = 'xxxxxx'
pwd = 'xxxxxxxx'

#Set proper headers
headers = {"Content-Type":"application/json","Accept":"application/json"}

response = requests.post(url, auth=(user, pwd), headers=headers ,data=out)

#Check for HTTP codes other than 200
if response.status_code != 200:
    print('Status:', response.status_code, 'Headers:', response.headers, 'Response Text', response.text, 'Error Response:',response.json())
    exit()

#Decode the JSON response into a dictionary and use the data
print('Status:',response.status_code,'Headers:',response.headers,'Response:',response.json())

输出

[{"u_date": "u_date", "u_product": "u_product", "u_serial_number": "u_serial_number"}, {"u_date": "1/12/15", "u_product": "Apples", "u_serial_number": "11"}, {"u_date": "1/29/15", "u_product": "Pears", "u_serial_number": "12"}, {"u_date": "1/12/15", "u_product": "Oranges", "u_serial_number": "13"}, {"u_date": "1/29/15", "u_product": "Blackberries", "u_serial_number": "14"}, {"u_date": "2/5/15", "u_product": "Blueberries", "u_serial_number": "15"}, {"u_date": "2/7/15", "u_product": "Bananas", "u_serial_number": "16"}, {"u_date": "2/7/15", "u_product": "Strawberries", "u_serial_number": "17"}]

Status: 200 Headers: {'Strict-Transport-Security': 'max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains;','Transfer-Encoding': 'chunked', 'Content-Encoding': 'gzip', 'Content-Type': 'application/json;charset=utf-8'}
Response: {'reason': None, 'error': 'org.json.simple.JSONArray cannot be cast to org.json.simple.JSONObject'}

编辑：

请求必须是 JSON 对象。我需要格式为包含单个数组的 JSON 对象。

我通过手动创建这种格式的 json 对象进行了测试，它可以工作。如何解析 CSV 文件以将其转换为这种特定格式？

{"records":[{"u_date": "u_date", "u_product": "u_product", "u_serial_number": "u_serial_number"}, {"u_date": "1/12/15", "u_product": "Apples", "u_serial_number": "11"}, {"u_date": "1/29/15", "u_product": "Pears", "u_serial_number": "12"}, {"u_date": "1/12/15", "u_product": "Oranges", "u_serial_number": "13"}, {"u_date": "1/29/15", "u_product": "Blackberries", "u_serial_number": "14"}, {"u_date": "2/5/15", "u_product": "Blueberries", "u_serial_number": "15"}, {"u_date": "2/7/15", "u_product": "Bananas", "u_serial_number": "16"}, {"u_date": "2/7/15", "u_product": "Strawberries", "u_serial_number": "17"}]}

【问题讨论】：

标签： python json api rest csv

【解决方案1】：

只需将您的数组包装在合适的字典中：

out = json.dumps({'records': [row for row in reader]})

您还可以通过传递要编码的对象as json parameter 而不是data 来将编码留给requests：

out = {'records': [row for row in reader]}
requests.post(url, json=out, ...)

在这种情况下，请求还会自动将内容类型标头设置为application/json，因此您不必手动执行此操作。

【讨论】：