列表框更新全局列表内容

Question

我正在制作一个 GUI，用户可以在其中导入 CSV 文件，并且可以单击对这些文件执行功能的各种按钮，例如绘制 CSV、查看 CSV 的迷你表格等。每当导入文件时，它都会被附加到名为 file_list 的全局列表中，我的函数通过此全局列表对文件进行操作。

我有一个Listbox 我正在显示在大型机中，我想在其中显示用户已导入的文件列表。我正在使用 for 循环来显示 Listbox 中每个文件的名称，但它似乎不起作用。关于如何显示这些文件名的任何提示？这是我主要的Frame 和Listbox 的代码：

from matplotlib import pyplot
from csv import reader
from dateutil import parser
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk  
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename
import pandas as pd
from tkinter import Text, Scrollbar, Toplevel

file_list = []

# i'm just including openfile here, which is essentially an import button. 

def openfile():
    name= askopenfilename()
    # file_list is appended with name everytime openfile is clicked
    rev = (name[::-1])
    i = rev.index('/')
    name = ((rev[:i])[::-1])
    file_list.append(name)
    main_dataview.insert(0, name)
    with open(name, 'r') as f:
        data = list(reader(f))
    popup = tk.Tk()
    popup.wm_title("!")
    # popups a message notifying what was imported
    label = ttk.Label(popup, text=" %s was just imported" % (name), font=NORM_FONT)
    label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10)
    B1 = ttk.Button(popup, text="Okay", command = popup.destroy)
    B1.pack()
    center(popup)
    popup.mainloop()

class CODAQ(tk.Tk):

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):  
        tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        tk.Tk.wm_title(self, "CODAQ")

        # main frame
        container = tk.Frame(self)
        container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)
        container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        container = tk.Frame(self)
        container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)
        container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        # creates the menubar at the top of the window  
        menubar = tk.Menu(container)

        # import menu for importing csv files, initializes openfile() functions
        filemenu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
        filemenu.add_command(label="Import a CSV File", command = openfile)
        filemenu.add_command(label="Remove", command = remove)
        menubar.add_cascade(label= "File", menu=filemenu)

        # plot menu for creating graphs and figures    
        Plot = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff =0 )
        Plot.add_command(label="Plot Most Recent CSV", command= popupgraph)
        Plot.add_command(label="Plot an Imported CSV", command = dataselection_graph)
        menubar.add_cascade(label="Plot", menu=Plot)

        # viewdata menu for viewing data in a table
        ViewData = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff = 0)
        ViewData.add_command(label="View most recent CSV" , command = viewcsv)
        ViewData.add_command(label="View an Imported CSV",command = dataselection_viewcsv)
        ViewData.add_command(label="View most recent CSV Variables",command = variable_extractor)
        ViewData.add_command(label="View an Imported CSV's Variables", command = variable_extractor_sel)
        menubar.add_cascade(label = "View Data", menu = ViewData)

        tk.Tk.config(self, menu=menubar)

        self.frames = {}
        # cycles through screens 
        for F in (WelcomeScreen, MainPage):
            frame = F(container, self)
            self.frames[F] = frame
            frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
        self.show_frame(WelcomeScreen)

    def show_frame(self, cont):
        frame = self.frames[cont]
        frame.tkraise()

    # WelcomeScreen Object
class WelcomeScreen(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self,parent)
        label1 = ttk.Label(self, text="Welcome to CODAQ", font=LARGE_FONT)
        label2 = ttk.Label(self, text="Begin by importing your Data", font=MEDIUM_FONT)
        label1.pack(pady=0,padx=5)
        label2.pack(pady=15,padx=10)

        button = ttk.Button(self, text="Enter CODAQ",
                        command=lambda: controller.show_frame(MainPage))
        button.pack()


    # mainpage object
class MainPage(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        label = ttk.Label(self, text="My Data", font=LARGE_FONT)
        label.grid(row= 0, column = 0, pady = (10,15), padx = (90,0))

        main_dataview = tk.Listbox(self, font=NORM_FONT)
        main_dataview.config(width = 44, borderwidth = 7)

        main_dataview.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan = 2)

        # scroll bar functionality     
        scroll_y = Scrollbar(self, orient="vertical", command=main_dataview.yview)
        scroll_y.grid(row=1, column=2, sticky="nsew")
        # bind txt to scrollbar
        main_dataview.configure(yscrollcommand=scroll_y.set)


app = CODAQ()
# size of screen 
app.minsize(width=1000, height = 500)
app.mainloop()

Answer 1

我使用self.main_dataview 从其他函数/类访问Listbox。

我将openfile() 放在class CODAQ 中以访问self.frames 和self.frames[Mainpage].main_dataview - 所以现在我可以插入导入的文件

self.frames[MainPage].main_dataview.insert(0, name)

---

顺便说一句：tkinter 应该只有一个Tk() 窗口和一个mainloop() - 所以使用Toplevel 创建弹出窗口并删除第二个mainloop()。或使用现有的消息窗口，如

tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('!', " %s was just imported" % (name)) 

要获取没有完整路径的文件名，您可以使用

name = os.path.basename(name)

---

工作代码：

from matplotlib import pyplot
from csv import reader
from dateutil import parser
import pandas as pd

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename
from tkinter import Text, Scrollbar, Toplevel
from tkinter.messagebox import showinfo

import os.path

MEDIUM_FONT = (20, )
LARGE_FONT  = (20, )
NORM_FONT   = (20, )

# i'm just including openfile here, which is essentially an import button.

class CODAQ(tk.Tk):

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        tk.Tk.wm_title(self, "CODAQ")

        # size of screen
        self.minsize(width=1000, height = 500)

        self.file_list = [] # <--

        # main frame
        container = tk.Frame(self)
        container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)
        container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        container = tk.Frame(self)
        container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)
        container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        # creates the menubar at the top of the window
        menubar = tk.Menu(container)

        # import menu for importing csv files, initializes openfile() functions
        filemenu = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
        filemenu.add_command(label="Import a CSV File", command=self.openfile) # <--
        #filemenu.add_command(label="Remove", command = remove)
        menubar.add_cascade(label= "File", menu=filemenu)

        # plot menu for creating graphs and figures
        Plot = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff =0 )
        #Plot.add_command(label="Plot Most Recent CSV", command= popupgraph)
        #Plot.add_command(label="Plot an Imported CSV", command = dataselection_graph)
        menubar.add_cascade(label="Plot", menu=Plot)

        # viewdata menu for viewing data in a table
        ViewData = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff = 0)
        #ViewData.add_command(label="View most recent CSV" , command = viewcsv)
        #ViewData.add_command(label="View an Imported CSV",command = dataselection_viewcsv)
        #ViewData.add_command(label="View most recent CSV Variables",command = variable_extractor)
        #ViewData.add_command(label="View an Imported CSV's Variables", command = variable_extractor_sel)
        menubar.add_cascade(label = "View Data", menu = ViewData)

        tk.Tk.config(self, menu=menubar)

        self.frames = {}
        # cycles through screens
        for F in (WelcomeScreen, MainPage):
            frame = F(container, self)
            self.frames[F] = frame
            frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
        self.show_frame(WelcomeScreen)

    def show_frame(self, cont):
        frame = self.frames[cont]
        frame.tkraise()


    def openfile(self):
        name = askopenfilename()

        # file_list is appended with name everytime openfile is clicked
        #rev = (name[::-1])
        #i = rev.index('/')
        #name = ((rev[:i])[::-1])

        name = os.path.basename(name) # <---

        self.file_list.append(name)

        self.frames[MainPage].main_dataview.insert(0, name)  # <--

        with open(name, 'r') as f:
            data = list(reader(f))

        showinfo('!', " %s was just imported" % (name))

        #popup = tk.Toplevel() # <--
        #popup.wm_title("!")
        # popups a message notifying what was imported
        #label = ttk.Label(popup, text=" %s was just imported" % (name), font=NORM_FONT)
        #label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10)
        #B1 = ttk.Button(popup, text="Okay", command=popup.destroy)
        #B1.pack()
        #center(popup)

# --- WelcomeScreen Object ---

class WelcomeScreen(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self,parent)
        label1 = ttk.Label(self, text="Welcome to CODAQ", font=LARGE_FONT)
        label2 = ttk.Label(self, text="Begin by importing your Data", font=MEDIUM_FONT)
        label1.pack(pady=0,padx=5)
        label2.pack(pady=15,padx=10)

        button = ttk.Button(self, text="Enter CODAQ",
                        command=lambda: controller.show_frame(MainPage))
        button.pack()

# --- mainpage object ---

class MainPage(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        label = ttk.Label(self, text="My Data", font=LARGE_FONT)
        label.grid(row= 0, column = 0, pady = (10,15), padx = (90,0))

        self.main_dataview = tk.Listbox(self, font=NORM_FONT)
        self.main_dataview.config(width = 44, borderwidth = 7)

        self.main_dataview.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan = 2)

        # scroll bar functionality
        scroll_y = Scrollbar(self, orient="vertical", command=self.main_dataview.yview)
        scroll_y.grid(row=1, column=2, sticky="nsew")
        # bind txt to scrollbar
        self.main_dataview.configure(yscrollcommand=scroll_y.set)

# --- main ---

app = CODAQ()
app.mainloop()

Answer 2

猜测是因为您的问题太多了，但这里有一个可运行的示例，显示了更新 tk.Listbox 的内容。

try:
    import Tkinter as tk
    import tkFont
    import ttk
except ImportError:  # Python 3
    import tkinter as tk
    import tkinter.font as tkFont
    import tkinter.ttk as ttk

class MainPage(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        label = ttk.Label(self, text="My Data")
        label.grid(row=0, column=0, pady=(10, 15), padx=(90, 0))

        main_dataview = tk.Listbox(self)
        main_dataview.config(width=44, borderwidth=7)
        main_dataview.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=2)

        for file in file_list:
            main_dataview.insert(tk.END, file)

        # make attributes for other methods to use
        self.main_dataview = main_dataview
        self.next_file_number = len(file_list) + 1

        # scroll bar functionality
        scroll_y = tk.Scrollbar(self, orient="vertical", command=main_dataview.yview)
        scroll_y.grid(row=1, column=2, sticky="nsew")
        # bind txt to scrollbar
        main_dataview.configure(yscrollcommand=scroll_y.set)

        # something to create new listbox entries
        add_button = tk.Button(self, text='Add file', command=self.add_file)
        add_button.grid(row=3, column=0)

    def add_file(self):
        """Add a file to the listbox."""
        self.main_dataview.insert(tk.END, 'file_{}'.format(self.next_file_number))
        self.next_file_number += 1

# define global variable
file_list = ['file_1', 'file_2', 'file_3']

root = tk.Tk()
mp = MainPage(root, None)
mp.pack()  # MainPage is a widget, needs to have layout manager method called upon it
root.mainloop()