Python Tkinter 秒表在框架上不起作用

Question

我正在尝试为我的反应游戏构建用户界面。我已经在彼此之上设置了框架，但是当我将秒表功能添加到其中一个框架上时，开始按钮不起作用。我已经测试了重置按钮和退出按钮，它们工作正常。我无法测试暂停按钮，因为秒表没有启动。谁能帮帮我？

这是框架和秒表的代码：

class LvlOneR(tk.Frame):
 def __init__(self, parent, controller):
    tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
    self.controller = controller
    label = tk.Label(self, text="Level One",
                     background='white',
                     foreground='dodger blue',
                     font=TITLE_FONT)
    label.pack(side="top", fill="x", pady=10)
    #stopwatch 
    def update_timeText():
        if (state):
            global timer
            # Every time this function is called,
            # we will increment 1 centisecond (1/100 of a second)
            timer[2] += 1
            # Every 100 centisecond is equal to 1 second
            if (timer[2] >= 100):
                timer[2] = 0
                timer[1] += 1
            # Every 60 seconds is equal to 1 min
            if (timer[1] >= 60):
                timer[0] += 1
                timer[1] = 0
            # We create our time string here
            timeString = pattern.format(timer[0], timer[1], timer[2])
            # Update the timeText Label box with the current time
            timeText.configure(text=timeString)
            # Call the update_timeText() function after 1 centisecond
        self.after(10, update_timeText)
    # To start game
    def start():
        global state
        state = True

    # To pause the game
    def pause():
        global state
        state = False

    # To reset the timer to 00:00:00
    def reset():
        global timer
        timer = [0, 0, 0]
        timeText.configure(text='00:00:00')

    # To leave game our program

    def leave():
        controller.show_frame("ReactionGame")

    # Simple status flag
    # False mean the timer is not running
    # True means the timer is running (counting)
    state = False 

    # Our time structure [min, sec, centsec]
    timer = [0, 0, 0]
    # The format is padding all the
    pattern = '{0:02d}:{1:02d}:{2:02d}'
    # Create a timeText Label (a text box)
    timeText = tk.Label(self, text="00:00:00",
                        background='white',
                        foreground='dodger blue',
                        font=("Helvetica", 150))

    startButton = tk.Button(self, text='Start', command=start)


    pauseButton = tk.Button(self, text='Pause', command=pause)

    resetButton = tk.Button(self, text='Reset', command=reset)

    quitButton = tk.Button(self, text='Quit', command=leave)

    timeText.pack()
    startButton.pack()
    pauseButton.pack()
    resetButton.pack()
    quitButton.pack()
    update_timeText()

这是设置框架的代码：

class Game(tk.Tk):

def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
    tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

    # the container is where we'll stack a bunch of frames
    # on top of each other, then the one we want visible
    # will be raised above the others
    container = tk.Frame(self)
    container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
    container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
    container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)


    self.frames = {}
    for F in (LoginScreen, MainMenu, ReactionGame, MemoryGame, HighScores, LvlOneR):
        page_name = F.__name__
        frame = F(container, self)
        self.frames[page_name] = frame

        # put all of the pages in the same location;
        # the one on the top of the stacking order
        # will be the one that is visible.
        frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
        frame.configure(background='white')

    self.show_frame("LoginScreen")

def show_frame(self, page_name):
    '''Show a frame for the given page name'''
    frame = self.frames[page_name]
    frame.tkraise()                   

Answer 1

请阅读如何创建Minimal, Complete and Verifiable Example。

我想（无意冒犯）您没有尝试破坏您的代码？

• 小部件是否为自己工作？
• 什么时候开始出现错误？ （将小部件放置在其他小部件中的特定级别？）

这就是调试的意义所在。将您的代码分解为单个元素并一一验证它们。

在我看来，这很像“这是代码，它不起作用，为什么？”

我想它什么都不做，因为你什么都不做来启动计时器功能（至少这些函数都在你的 init 函数中声明 - 为什么？）

或者是缩进混淆了代码？

编辑 1

刚刚认识到——你有循环依赖（父母控制孩子和孩子控制父母）——尽量避免这种情况，只有在有真正重要的理由时才这样做。

有（我假设 98% 的情况）有不同的处理方法，具有以下优点：

• 更具可读性
• 更易于维护
• 更容易调试

编辑 2

state 在哪里初始化？

将state = False 放在class LvlOneR(tk.Frame): 之上 和global state 紧跟在def update_timeText(): 之后

至少可以解决您的一个问题。您的函数将识别状态变量。