如何将 WeasyPrint 依赖项添加到 Azure 应用服务应用程序？答案

【问题标题】：How do I add WeasyPrint dependencies to Azure App Service app?如何将 WeasyPrint 依赖项添加到 Azure 应用服务应用程序？
【发布时间】：2023-04-01 20:13:01
【问题描述】：

使用 WeasyPrint，我需要执行以下操作才能获取所需的库：

sudo apt-get install build-essential python3-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools python3-wheel python3-cffi libcairo2 libpango-1.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libffi-dev shared-mime-info

我已在构建时将其添加到我的 GitHub 触发器中：

    - name: Install WeasyPrint dependencies
  run: |
    cd /home
    sudo apt-get install build-essential python3-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools python3-wheel python3-cffi libcairo2 libpango-1.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libffi-dev shared-mime-info

并且当我查看构建日志时，它显示它是成功的；但是，Python 应用程序仍然无法启动，说它找不到所需的库：

OSError: no library called "cairo" was found
no library called "libcairo-2" was found
cannot load library 'libcairo.so.2': libcairo.so.2: cannot open shared 
No such file or directory
cannot load library 'libcairo.2.dylib': libcairo.2.dylib: cannot open 
No such file or directory
cannot load library 'libcairo-2.dll': libcairo-2.dll: cannot open 
No such file or directory

我尝试做what another user did（似乎成功）并通过SSH登录直接安装它，但是当我尝试这样做时，apt-get会抛出404错误，例如：

(antenv) root@13f25a3adfa1:/tmp/8d947bb726491c3# apt-get install libcairo2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
[. . .]
Fetched 4156 kB in 0s (4207 kB/s)
E: Failed to fetch http://security.debian.org/debian-security/pool/updates/main/libx/libx11/libx11-data_1.6.4-3+deb9u3_all.deb  404  Not Found
E: Failed to fetch http://security.debian.org/debian-security/pool/updates/main/libx/libx11/libx11-6_1.6.4-3+deb9u3_amd64.deb  404  Not Found
E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?

Azure 应用服务是否不再允许您执行此操作？我不知道下一步该尝试什么。

编辑：因此，我能够通过 SSH 连接到机器并首先运行 apt-get update 来添加所有依赖项。但是，我仍然遇到我的 Python 应用程序仍然无法运行的问题。即使安装了库，我也看到以下错误：

2021-07-19T14:43:06.741297128Z OSError: no library called "cairo" was found
    2021-07-19T14:43:06.741300828Z no library called "libcairo-2" was found
    2021-07-19T14:43:06.741304429Z cannot load library 'libcairo.so.2': libcairo.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
    2021-07-19T14:43:06.741308229Z cannot load library 'libcairo.2.dylib': libcairo.2.dylib: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
    2021-07-19T14:43:06.741311929Z cannot load library 'libcairo-2.dll': libcairo-2.dll: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

【问题讨论】：

不是 pip 安装？
pip 在这里不相关。需要安装的库不能用 pip 安装，这就是为什么我尝试使用 apt-get 先安装它们，就像他们的文档建议的那样。

标签： azure azure-web-app-service django-weasyprint

【解决方案1】：

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/app-service/configure-language-python

如果应用设置 SCM_DO_BUILD_DURING_DEPLOYMENT 设置为 1，则应用服务的构建系统（称为 Oryx）会在您部署应用时执行以下步骤： ....

我相信可以放在 requirements.txt 中，或者 PRE_BUILD_COMMAND 设置中

【讨论】：