Heroku：图像在一段时间后不显示

Question

我有一个托管在 Heroku 上的 Django APP。

我在管理面板中上传了一些图片，所以在我的网站上显示。上传后的前几分钟/几小时显示正常。

但是，几个小时后，它们不再显示。我必须在管理面板中再次上传它们才能正确显示。

当在 HTML 中没有图像出现时：

<img class="my_image_medium" src="/media/category/Artboard_1_PNG.png" alt="Stickers">

重新上传图片的 HTML：

<img class="my_image_medium" src="/media/category/Artboard_1_PNG.png" alt="Stickers">

Django APP设置：

import os



# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '^_67&#r+(c+%pu&n+a%&dmxql^i^_$0f69)mnhf@)zq-rbxe9z'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['127.0.0.1', 'stickers-gallito-app.herokuapp.com',
                 'stickersgallito.pe', 'www.stickersgallito.pe']


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'shop',
    'search_app',
    'cart',
    'stripe',
    'order',
    'crispy_forms',
    'embed_video',

]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'stickers_gallito.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates'),
                 os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'shop', 'templates/'),
                 os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'search_app', 'templates/'),
                 os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'cart', 'templates/'),
                 os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'order', 'templates/'),]
        ,
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
                'shop.context_processor.menu_links',
                'shop.context_processor.has_shop',
                # 'cart.context_processor.current_time',
                'cart.context_processor.cart_items_counter'
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'stickers_gallito.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        # 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        # 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': 'd39a83vqn3afdj',
        'USER': 'u9qchlpdl8pbao',
        'PASSWORD': 'pcf1d926adfd169634371480b03c270d7da7b9033c81210482571f1a8d0ad689b',
        'HOST': 'ec2-3-93-140-235.compute-1.amazonaws.com',
        'PORT': '5432',
        # 'OPTIONS': {
        #     'sslmodule': 'required'
        # }
    }
}


# add this
# import dj_database_url
# db_from_env = dj_database_url.config()
# DATABASES['default'].update(db_from_env)


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')

STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
)

# STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.django.GzipManifestStaticFilesStorage'
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage'


MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static', 'media')



CRISPY_TEMPLATE_PACK = 'bootstrap4'


### Culqui Settings ###


CULQI_PUBLISHABLE_KEY = 'pk_test_d4d1nYriXvMV0YKk'

CULQI_SECRET_KEY = 'sk_test_sOlYqSB5PDAkwQuZ'

Answer 1

您正在将上传的图像存储在本地文件系统中。你不能在 Heroku 中做到这一点。

Heroku 实例是短暂的，它们之间不共享文件系统。每当您通过扩展部署或启动新实例时，它都不会包含您上传的任何文件。

您必须将它们存放在更永久的地方。 S3是一个不错的选择；有很多可用的第三方 Django 文件存储库可以为您做到这一点。

Answer 2

这是因为 heroku 节点不是持久的。这意味着每次您的空闲节点关闭时，它实际上会被删除，并且当您再次访问您的应用程序时会启动一个新实例。

解决方案实际上是使用其他主机来存储您的媒体文件。例如 Amazon S3 或简单的 FTP 服务器。

查看这些链接了解更多信息：

Using AWS S3 to Store Static Assets and File Uploads

Heroku Help: Why are my file uploads missing/deleted?