带有 apache 和 wsgi 的 Django 抛出 ImportError

Question

我正在尝试将我的 Django 应用程序部署到 Apache 服务器，但没有成功。我成功地使用了 WSGI 示例应用程序，并尝试托管一个空的 Django 项目。虽然它与 manage.py 运行服务器一起正常工作，但在使用 apache 时会引发以下错误：

[notice] Apache/2.2.22 (Debian) PHP/5.4.4-14+deb7u9 mod_python/3.3.1 Python/2.7.3 mod_wsgi/2.7 configured -- resuming normal operations
[error] [client x.x.x.x] mod_wsgi (pid=8300): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/usr/local/www/django/myapp/wsgi.py'.
[error] [client x.x.x.x] Traceback (most recent call last):
[error] [client x.x.x.x]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 187, in __call__
[error] [client x.x.x.x]     self.load_middleware()
[error] [client x.x.x.x]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 44, in load_middleware
[error] [client x.x.x.x]     for middleware_path in settings.MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES:
[error] [client x.x.x.x]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 54, in __getattr__
[error] [client x.x.x.x]     self._setup(name)
[error] [client x.x.x.x]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 49, in _setup
[error] [client x.x.x.x]     self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
[error] [client x.x.x.x]   File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 132, in __init__
[error] [client x.x.x.x]     % (self.SETTINGS_MODULE, e)
[error] [client x.x.x.x] ImportError: Could not import settings 'myapp.settings' (Is it on sys.path? Is there an import error in the settings file?): No module named myapp.settings

我的 wsgi.py 如下：

"""
WSGI config for myapp project.

It exposes the WSGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.6/howto/deployment/wsgi/
"""

import os
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "myapp.settings")

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
application = get_wsgi_application()

我在 apache 的 conf.d 库中有一个 wsgi.conf：

<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName myapp.example.com
ServerAlias myapp
ServerAdmin admin@example.com
DocumentRoot /var/www

<Directory /usr/local/www/django>
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all
</Directory>

WSGIDaemonProcess myapp processes=2 threads=15 display-name=%{GROUP}
WSGIProcessGroup myapp

WSGIScriptAlias /myapp /usr/local/www/django/myapp/wsgi.py
LoadModule wsgi_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_wsgi.so

</VirtualHost>

WSGIPythonPath /usr/local/www/django/myapp

[已解决] 谢谢，我重新开始，对我的配置文件进行了建议的修改，现在它可以工作了。我无法将这两个建议都标记为正确，但我认为它们都是必要的，而且我遇到了第三个（第四个、第五个......）错误，重新安装后就消失了。

Answer 1

您似乎一直在使用旧指南来设置 apache2 / wsgi。我建议使用https://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/InstallationInstructions的官方指南

无论如何，您的具体问题是 wsgi 应用程序没有正确选择 python 路径。将您的 VirtualHost conf 更改为类似的内容

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName myapp.example.com
    ServerAlias myapp
    ServerAdmin admin@example.com

    DocumentRoot /usr/local/www/django/myapp
    WSGIDaemonProcess myapp processes=2 threads=15 display-name=%{GROUP} python-path=/usr/local/www/django/myapp:/path/to/system/python/site-packages
    WSGIProcessGroup myapp
    WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/local/www/django/myapp/wsgi.py

    <Directory /usr/local/www/django/myapp>
        <Files wsgi.py>
            Order allow,deny
            Allow from all
        </Files>
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

Answer 2

您的设置文件位于 /usr/local/www/django/myapp/settings.py，但您已将 PythonPath 设置为 /usr/local/www/django/myapp，然后将 DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE 设置为“myapp.settings " - 只有当设置在 myapp/myapp/settings 中时才适用。删除其中一个对“myapp”的引用。