用不同的猜名字猜数字游戏

Question

这是我第一次使用 stackoverflow 访问——我是编程新手，正在学习 Python 初学者课程。很高兴开始！

我们的第二个任务要求我们创建著名的猜数字游戏。对于那些已经知道这个游戏的人，我希望对添加到其中的额外部分有所帮助：我们必须列出每个猜测及其各自的顺序。示例输出应如下所示：

• 我在想一个整数，你有三个猜测。
• 猜测1：请输入1到10之间的整数：4
• 你的猜测太小了。
• 猜测2：请输入1到10之间的整数：8
• 你的猜测太大了。
• 猜测3：请输入1到10之间的整数：7
• 太糟糕了。数量为：5

我已经将代码简化到出现 Guess 1 和 Guess 3 的位置，但我无法让 Guess 2 出现。我一直在修改和替换每个“while”、“if”、“elif”和“else”命令来解决这个问题，但似乎无法提出解决方案！到目前为止，这是我的代码：

def guess():
print ("I'm thinking of an integer, you have three guesses.")
attempts = 0
from random import randint
number = randint(0,10)
guess = eval(input("Guess 1: Please enter an integer between 1 and 10: "))
while guess != number and attempts == 0:
    if guess < number:
        print("Your guess is too small.")
        break
    if guess > number:
        print("Your guess is too big.")
        break
    elif guess == number:
        print("You got it!")
        attempts = attempts + 1
if number != guess and attempts == 1:
    guess = eval(input("Guess 2: Please enter an integer between 1 and 10: "))
    if guess < number:
        print("Your guess is too small.")
    elif guess > number:
        print("Your guess is too big.")
    while guess == number:
        print("You got it!")
        attempts = attempts + 1
elif number != guess and attempts == 2:
    guess = eval(input("Guess 3: Please enter an integer between 1 and 10: "))
    if guess < number:
        print("Too bad. The number is: ", number)
    elif guess > number:
        print("Too bad. The number is: ", number)
    while guess == number:
        print("You got it!")

此代码输出 Guess 1 然后退出。谁能帮我弄清楚如何让 Guess 2 和 3 出现？欢迎所有想法 - 谢谢！

Answer 1

您可以大大缩短您的代码，只需在循环中移动输入，并使用范围或用户正确猜测的三个尝试保持循环：

def guess():
    print ("I'm thinking of an integer, you have three guesses.")
    from random import randint
    number = randint(0,10)
    # loop three times to give at most three attempts
    for attempt in range(3):
        # cast to int, don't use eval
        guess = int(input("Guess 1: Please enter an integer between 1 and 10: "))
        if guess < number:
            print("Your guess is too small.")
        elif guess > number:
            print("Your guess is too big.")          
        else: # not higher or lower so must be the number  
            print("You got it!")
            break

最好使用带有try/except 的while 来验证用户输入的数字，循环直到用户使用了3 次尝试或正确猜测：

def guess():
    print ("I'm thinking of an integer, you have three guesses.")
    attempts = 0
    from random import randint
    number = randint(0,10)

    while attempts < 3:
        try:
            guess =int(input("Guess 1: Please enter an integer between 1 and 10: "))
        except ValueError:
            print("That is not a number")
            continue
        if guess < number:
            print("Your guess is too small.")
            attempts += 1
        elif guess > number:
            print("Your guess is too big.")
            attempts += 1
        else: # if it is a number and not too high or low it must be correct
            print("You got it!")
            break # break the loop

如果您真的想向用户反馈他们的猜测是太低还是太高，您不能只使用if/else。

正如评论中所说，不要使用 eval。概述了here

的一些充分理由

Answer 2

1. 您所有的 while guess!=number and attempts == 循环都是无用的，因为您要么将 break 退出它们，要么递增 attempts，因此它们的条件在第一次迭代后评估为 False。
2. 猜测 2 永远无法达到，因为 number 等于 guess（所以 number != guess 是 False）或 attempts 仍然为零。
3. 出于同样的原因，永远无法达到猜测 3。但是，如果会达到猜测 2，则将永远不会达到猜测 3，因为您将 elif 放在前面。

尝试去掉猜测 2 和猜测 3 的代码。编写 guess = eval(input()) 和 if guess < number: ... elif guess > number: ... 的所有代码一次，并将其放入循环中。这里有一些伪代码来说明这个想法：

while attempts < 3
    ask for user input
    if guess equals number
        print "you win"
        exit the loop
    else
        print "that's wrong"

Answer 3

我使用了“连接”方法以及您的一些有用的响应想法，终于让我的代码工作了！！非常感谢大家的帮助，非常感谢！！下面是这个程序的正确代码：

def guess():
from random import randint
number = randint(0,10)
print("I'm thinking of an integer, you have three guesses.")
attempts = 0
while attempts < 2:
    guess = eval(input("Guess " + str(attempts + 1) + ": Please enter an integer between 1 and 10: "))
    if guess < number:
        print("Your guess is too small.")
        attempts += 1
    elif guess > number:
        print("Your guess is too big.")
        attempts += 1
    else:
        print("You got it!")
        break

else:
    attempts == 3
    guess = eval(input("Guess 3: Please enter an integer between 1 and 10: "))
    if guess < number:
        print("Too bad. The number is: ", number)
    elif guess > number:
        print("Too bad. The number is: ", number)
    else:
        print("You got it!")

然后以调用函数（“guess()”）结束它。希望这对将来遇到此问题的人有用。再次感谢你们！