Python 列表和函数，查找最大/最小降雨月份

Question

我的程序应该获取每个月的降雨量，并计算一年的总降雨量、平均月降雨量以及降雨量最高（最大）和最低（最小）的月份。

一切都按计划进行，除了最高和最低月份的产出。我需要这个来显示降雨量最高和最低的月份的名称。我可以获得正确的值来显示，而不是月份的名称。

months = ["January", "February", "March", "April",
          "May", "June", "July", "August",
          "September", "October", "November", "December"]
values = []
year = []

for i in months :
    values.append(float(input("Enter total rain for " + i + ": ")))
print()



def total():
    print("The total rainfall for the year is %.2f" % sum(values))
total()

def average():
    print("The average monthly rainfall is %.2f" % float(sum(values)/ 12))
average()

def highest():
    print("The highest monthly rainfall is", max(values))
highest()

def lowest():
    print("The lowest monthly rainfall is", min(values))
lowest()

Answer 1

您可以通过months 和zip 和values 得到min 或max，它们是(value, month) 的元组。确保将值放在首位，以便用于排序。

>>> months = ["January", "February", "March", "April",
...           "May", "June", "July", "August",
...           "September", "October", "November", "December"]
>>> values = [47, 2, 28, 9, 4, 64, 28, 94, 1, 9, 4, 23]  # or whatever
>>> val, month = min(zip(values, months))
>>> print("The lowest rainfall was %r in %s" % (val, month))
The lowest rainfall was 1 in September

Answer 2

您可以找到最小值/最大值的索引，然后使用该索引来查找月份。使用zip 是更 Python 的方式，但这是另一种初学者的方法

def highest():
    print("The highest rainfall month is:",months[values.index(max(values))] )
    print("The highest monthly rainfall is", max(values))

Answer 3

max 和 min 分别返回列表中的最大值或最小值。您可以使用index 获取该值的索引，然后使用该索引获取月份的名称。例如：

def highest():
    max_value = max(values)
    ind = values.index(max_value)
    month_name = months[ind]
    print("The highest monthly rainfall is %d, occurring on %s" % \
    (max_value, month_name))