使海龟对象彼此相邻绘制而不是彼此重叠

Question

我遇到了一个问题，我的海龟对象不是在彼此旁边绘制汽车长度，而是在彼此之上绘制。我已经尝试了几乎所有我能想到的循环变体，但尽管它可能是如此简单，但还是无法弄清楚。除此之外，我还无法弄清楚如何让用户输入的汽车名称出现在他们各自的汽车上方。 这是它应该看起来的样子： https://i.stack.imgur.com/rubG3.png

import turtle
import random
turtle.setup(575,575)
pen = turtle.Turtle()
turtle.bgcolor("white")
pen.speed(0)
pen.pensize(2)
pen.hideturtle()

colorCar = []
carName = []

# ask user how many cars
carNum = int(turtle.numinput("cars", "Enter how many cars you have: ", 1, 1, 10))

# respective values (add more variables if needed for sizing)
widthPadding = turtle.window_width()/carNum 
width= widthPadding * .8
padding = widthPadding * .1
length = width * 2

# controlls how long horizontally
carWidth = width * 0.5
wheelWidth = carWidth * .1
# controls how long vertically
carLength = width * 0.2

for row in range(carNum):
    x = - turtle.window_width()/2 + carWidth
    y = - turtle.window_height()/2 + padding + row * widthPadding


# ask user for color of car
for i in range(carNum):
    color = turtle.textinput("car color", f"Enter Color of Car {i +1}").lower().strip() 
    colorCar.append(color)
    # ask for car name
    name = turtle.textinput("car name", f"Enter Name of Car {i +1}").lower().strip()
    carName.append(name)


    for row in range(carNum):
        pen.up()
        pen.setpos(x + (width - length)/2 + padding, y)
        pen.down()

        #draw cars
        pen.color("black")
        pen.pensize(4)
        pen.fillcolor(color)
        pen.begin_fill()
        for i in range(4):
            if i%2== 0:
                pen.forward(carWidth)
            else:
                pen.forward(carLength)
            pen.left(90)
        pen.end_fill()

        # write name above car
        turtle.write(name)


turtle.done()

Answer 1

这段代码一团糟。您需要使用更好的变量名。目前尚不清楚各种“宽度”、“长度”和“填充”变量的作用。事实上，这才是真正需要 cmets 的地方，而不是像 # ask for car name 这样的 cmets，就在您明显询问汽车名称之前。

在下面，我重新编写了您的代码以解决您所说的两个问题：汽车水平排列而不是彼此重叠；汽车的名称出现在汽车上方：

from turtle import Screen, Turtle

screen = Screen()
screen.setup(575, 575)

# ask user how many cars
carNum = int(screen.numinput("cars", "Enter how many cars you have: ", 1, 1, 10))

# respective values (add more variables if needed for sizing)
widthPadding = screen.window_width() / carNum
width = widthPadding * 0.8
padding = widthPadding * 0.1
length = width * 2

# controls how long horizontally
bodyWidth = width / 2

# controls how long vertically
bodyHeight = width * 0.2

carColors = []
carNames = []

for i in range(1, carNum + 1):
    # ask user for color of car
    color = screen.textinput("car color", f"Enter Color of Car {i}").lower().strip()
    carColors.append(color)

    # ask for car name
    name = screen.textinput("car name", f"Enter Name of Car {i}").lower().strip()
    carNames.append(name)

# draw cars
turtle = Turtle()
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.speed('fastest')
turtle.pensize(4)

for car in range(carNum):
    x = bodyWidth - screen.window_width()/2 + car * widthPadding
    y = padding - screen.window_height()/2

    turtle.penup()
    turtle.setpos(x + (width - length)/2 + padding, y)
    turtle.pendown()

    turtle.fillcolor(carColors[car])
    turtle.begin_fill()

    for side in range(4):
        if side % 2 == 0:
            turtle.forward(bodyWidth)
        else:
            turtle.forward(bodyHeight)

        turtle.left(90)

    turtle.end_fill()

    # write name above car
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.sety(turtle.ycor() + 3*bodyHeight/2)
    turtle.write(carNames[car])

screen.mainloop()