按 12 小时时间排序？

Question

今天早上快速（可能是愚蠢的）问题：

我的脚本中输入了如下所示的数据：

03:00P - Doctor appointment.
07:00P - Scheduled entry.
10:30A - Another entry.
11:00A - Daytime medication is due.
11:00P - Nighttime medication is due.
11:30P - Staff meeting.

现在我无法更改数据的来源，并且输出需要看起来相同，但我需要对其进行正确排序。有关解决此问题的任何想法？

谢谢！

Answer 1

告诉 sort 首先对第六个字符进行排序，然后对第一个到第五个字符进行排序：

sort -k1.6,1.6 -k1.1,1.5

Answer 2

如果您将时间中的A 或P 放在时间的前面，则只需使用普通的sort 命令即可正确排序。所以可能是这样的：

awk '{print substr($1,6), $0}' < input  | sort | cut -d' ' -f2-

awk 命令生成如下输出：

P 03:00P - Doctor appointment.
P 07:00P - Scheduled entry.
A 10:30A - Another entry.
A 11:00A - Daytime medication is due.
P 11:00P - Nighttime medication is due.
P 11:30P - Staff meeting.

我们然后sort，然后去掉前缀。

Answer 3

这是一个基于简单 Perl 脚本的解决方案，该脚本源自对 Convert 12-hour date/time to 24-hour date/time 的回答。

来源s12.pl

#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings;

sub time_12h_to_24h
{
    my($t12) = @_;
    my($hh,$mm,$ampm) = $t12 =~ m/^(\d\d?):(\d\d?)\s*([AP]M?)/i;
    $hh = ($hh % 12) + (($ampm =~ m/AM?/i) ? 0 : 12);
    return sprintf("%.2d:%.2d", $hh, $mm);
}

while (<>)
{
    my($time_12h, $entry) = split / - /;
    my $time_24h = time_12h_to_24h($time_12h);
    print "$time_24h $time_12h - $entry";
}

请注意，代码同时接受 { AM, PM } 和 { A, P } 并且对于 AM/PM 指示符在大写和小写之间是中性的，并且忽略之间的空格时间和 AM/PM 指示器。

输入数据

此数据集包含 12:05A 和 12:05P 的行以及来自问题的数据。

03:00P - Doctor appointment.
07:00P - Scheduled entry.
10:30A - Another entry.
11:00A - Daytime medication is due.
11:00P - Nighttime medication is due.
11:30P - Staff meeting.
12:05A - Just past midnight and long before 11:00A.
12:05P - Just past midday and long before 11:00P.

双重过滤输出

$ perl s12.pl data | sort | sed 's/^..:.. //'
12:05A - Just past midnight and long before 11:00A.
10:30A - Another entry.
11:00A - Daytime medication is due.
12:05P - Just past midday and long before 11:00P.
03:00P - Doctor appointment.
07:00P - Scheduled entry.
11:00P - Nighttime medication is due.
11:30P - Staff meeting.
$

未过滤的输出

$ perl s12.pl data | sort
00:05 12:05A - Just past midnight and long before 11:00A.
10:30 10:30A - Another entry.
11:00 11:00A - Daytime medication is due.
12:05 12:05P - Just past midday and long before 11:00P.
15:00 03:00P - Doctor appointment.
19:00 07:00P - Scheduled entry.
23:00 11:00P - Nighttime medication is due.
23:30 11:30P - Staff meeting.
$

请注意，通过将键列（24 小时时间列）放在输出的首位，sort 命令得到了简化（通常，它也加快了排序速度）。