我如何设置延迟队列的延迟

Question

我刚刚开始使用 java 进行编码，我正在努力设置延迟队列，

我想拥有它，

DelayQueue queue = new DelayQueue();

If (counter > 0){
queue.offer(Integer, *A custom delay*)
} Else {
queue.offer(Integer, *A different custom delay*)
}

我只是想学习所有的基础知识，我已经阅读了 API，但似乎无法掌握它。

提前致谢

Answer 1

Delayed 的这个实现很好，因为：

• compareTo() 的实现不进行任何类转换，消除了抛出ClassCastException 的可能性
• 在转换为 int 之前，compareTo() 的实现使用 Math.min 和 Math.max 函数，以正确防止溢出错误
• getDelay() 的实现可以正确转换单位并实际返回剩余时间

TestDelay 类实现Delayed：

import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;

import java.util.concurrent.Delayed;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class TestDelay implements Delayed
{
    public final Long delayMillis;
    public final Long expireTimeMillis;

    public TestDelay(Long delayMillis)
    {
        this.delayMillis = delayMillis;
        this.expireTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis()+delayMillis;
    }

    @Override
    public final int compareTo(@NotNull Delayed o)
    {
        long diffMillis = getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)-o.getDelay(TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
        diffMillis = Math.min(diffMillis,1);
        diffMillis = Math.max(diffMillis,-1);
        return (int) diffMillis;
    }

    @Override
    public final long getDelay(@NotNull TimeUnit unit)
    {
        long delayMillis = expireTimeMillis-System.currentTimeMillis();
        return unit.convert(delayMillis,TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
    }
}

JUnit 单元测试展示了使用TestDelay 类的示例：

import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.concurrent.DelayQueue;

public class DelayQueueTest
{
    @Test
    public final void generalTest() throws InterruptedException
    {
        DelayQueue<TestDelay> q = new DelayQueue<>();
        q.put(new TestDelay(500L));
        q.put(new TestDelay(2000L));
        q.put(new TestDelay(1000L));
        q.put(new TestDelay(10L));
        q.put(new TestDelay(3000L));
        while (!q.isEmpty())
        {
            System.out.println(q.take().delayMillis);
        }
    }
}

DelayQueueTest的输出：

Answer 2

DelayQueue 将元素保留在内部，直到某个延迟到期。元素必须实现接口java.util.concurrent.Delayed。

例如我创建了一个类DelayedTest 扩展延迟接口。这将实现 compareTo 和 getDelay() 方法

public class A{
    public static void main(String... args){
        DelayQueue  dq=new DelayQueue();
        DeleyedTest ob1=new DeleyedTest(10);
        DeleyedTest ob2=new DeleyedTest(5);
        DeleyedTest ob3=new DeleyedTest(15);

        dq.offer(ob1);
        dq.offer(ob2);
        dq.offer(ob3);

        Iterator itr=dq.iterator();
        while(itr.hasNext()){
            DeleyedTest dt=(DeleyedTest)itr.next();
            System.out.println(dt.deleyTime);
        }
    }
}
class DeleyedTest implements Delayed{
    public long deleyTime=0;
    DeleyedTest(long deleyTime){
        this.deleyTime=deleyTime;
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Delayed ob) {
        if(this.deleyTime<((DeleyedTest)ob).deleyTime){
            return -1;
        }else if(this.deleyTime>((DeleyedTest)ob).deleyTime){
            return 1;
        }
        return 0;
    }
    @Override
    public long getDelay(TimeUnit unit) {
        return unit.convert(deleyTime-System.currentTimeMillis(),TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS); 
    }

}

结果：

5 10 15

Answer 3

import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.DelayQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.Delayed;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class DelayQueueExample {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        BlockingQueue<DelayedElement> blockingQueue = new DelayQueue<DelayedElement>();

        try {
            blockingQueue
                    .put(new DelayedElement(4000, "Message with delay 4s"));
            blockingQueue
                    .put(new DelayedElement(2000, "Message with delay 2s"));
            blockingQueue
                    .put(new DelayedElement(9000, "Message with delay 9s"));
        } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
        }

        while (!blockingQueue.isEmpty()) {
            try {
                System.out.println(">>" + blockingQueue.take());
            } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
            }

        }

    }
}

class DelayedElement implements Delayed {

    private long duration = 0;
    private String message;

    public DelayedElement(long duration, String name) {
        this.duration = System.currentTimeMillis() + duration;
        this.message = name;
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Delayed o) {
        return (int) (this.duration - ((DelayedElement) o).getDuration());
    }

    @Override
    /*
     * Expiration occurs when an element's getDelay(TimeUnit unit) method
     * returns a value less than or equal to zero.
     */
    public long getDelay(TimeUnit unit) {
        long diff = duration - System.currentTimeMillis();
        return unit.convert(diff, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
    }

    public long getDuration() {
        return duration;
    }

    public void setDuration(long duration) {
        this.duration = duration;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "DelayedElement [duration=" + duration + ", message=" + message
                + "]";
    }

}

Answer 4

您的“自定义延迟”类必须从Delayed 接口中指定的getDelay(TimeUnit timeUnit) 方法返回延迟。 例如

public class MyClass implements Delayed {
    public long getDelay(TimeUnit timeUnit) {
        long delay = calculateDelaySomehow();
        return delay;
    }
}

请注意，您还需要为compareTo() 提供一个实现。