在 MS DOS 中使用 Python 创建 .zip 存档

Question

我是编程新手。我正在尝试使用 CH Swaroop 的“Byte of Python”来学习 Python。一个例子是创建一个程序，它将一些文件从一个目录备份到另一个目录并将它们压缩成 .zip 格式。不幸的是，他给出的示例仅在您碰巧是 linux/unix 用户时才有用。对于 Windows 用户，他只说“Windows 用户可以使用 Info-Zip 程序”，但没有进一步详细说明。这是他提供的代码...

#!/usr/bin/python
# Filename : backup_ver1.py

import os
import time


# 1. The files and directories to be backed up are specified in a list.
source = [r'C:\Users\ClickityCluck\Documents']

# 2. The backup must be stored in a main backup directory
target_dir = r'C:\Backup'
# 3. Zip seems good

# 4. Let's make the name of the file the current date/time
target = target_dir + time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S') + '.zip'

# 5. We use the zip command to put the files in a zip archive
zip_command = "zip -qr '%s' %s" % (target, ''.join(source))

# Run Backup
if os.system(zip_command) == 0:
    print "Succesful backup to", target
else:
    print 'BACKUP FAILED :('

任何人都可以在 Windows 7 的命令行中为我设计一种方法吗？感谢您的宝贵时间，如果我未能提供一些相关信息，我提前道歉:)

Answer 1

对于 python 3 用户并使用格式方法的答案应该是：

   # 1. The files and directories to be backed up are specified in a list.
   source = [r'C\Users\MySourceDir']

   # 2. The backup must be stored in a # main backup directory
   target_dir = r'C:\Users\MyTargetDir'

   # 3. The files are backed up into a zip file.
   # 4. The name of the zip archive is the current date and time
   target = target_dir + os.sep + time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S') + '.7z'

   # Create target directory if it is not present
   if not os.path.exists(target_dir):
       os.mkdir(target_dir)

   # 5. We use the zip command to put the files in a zip archive
   zip_command = 'C:\\"Program Files"\\7-Zip\\7z a -t7z -r "{0}" "{1}"'.format(target,' '.join(source)) # be careful with spaces on each dir specification. Problems could arise if double-quotation marks aren't between them. 

   # Run the backup 
   print('Zip command is:') 
   print(zip_command)
   print('Running:')

   if os.system(zip_command) == 0: 
       print('Successful backup to', target)
   else: 
       print('Backup FAILED')

Answer 2

zip 是用于创建/更新/提取 ZIP 存档的命令行实用程序，可在 Unix/Linux/Mac OS X 上使用。如果您想使用命令行实用程序存档文件，您应该在 (例如，compress 是资源包的一部分）。

另一种方法是使用 python 的 zipfile 模块并为 windows 制作一个有用的命令行实用程序:)

顺便说一句，为什么你的问题是指 MS DOS？

Answer 3

#!/usr/bin/python -tt
# Filename: backup_ver1.py

import os
import time

# 1. The files and directories to be backed up are specified in a list.
source = ['C:\\Documents\\working_projects\\', 'C:\\Documents\\hot_tips\\']

# 2. The back up must be stored in a main back directory
target_dir = 'C:\\temp\\backup\\'

# 3. The files are backed up into a zip file

# 4. The name of the zip archive is the current date and time
target = target_dir + time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S') + '.7z'

# 5.  We use the zip command to put the files in a zip archive
#zip_command = "zip -qr '%s' %s" % (target, ' '.join(source))
zip_command = 'C:\\"Program Files"\\7-Zip\\7z a -t7z "%s" %s' % (target, ' '.join(source))

# Run the backup
if os.system(zip_command) == 0:
    print 'Successful back up to', target
else:
    print 'Backup FAILED'