在 Rails 开发中测试 404 和 500 页

Question

我正在尝试为我的 Rails 3.2.16 应用程序编写 404 和 500 页。我在application_controller.rb 中添加了以下内容：

  def local_request?
    false
  end

  binding.pry
  unless  ActionController::Base.consider_all_requests_local
    rescue_from Exception, with: :render_500
    rescue_from ActionController::RoutingError, with: :render_404
    rescue_from ActionController::UnknownController, with: :render_404
    rescue_from ActionController::UnknownAction, with: :render_404
    rescue_from ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound, with: :render_404
  end

  def render_404(exception)
    logger.warning exception.backtrace.join("\n")
    @not_found_path = exception.message
    respond_to do |format|
      format.html { render template: 'errors/not_found', layout: 'layouts/application', status: 404 }
      format.all { render nothing: true, status: 404 }
    end
  end

  def render_500(exception)
    logger.error exception.backtrace.join("\n")
    respond_to do |format|
      format.html { render template: 'errors/internal_server_error', layout: 'layouts/application', status: 500 }
      format.all { render nothing: true, status: 500}
    end
  end

虽然当我将浏览器设置为http://localhost:3000/nonexistent 时，我在日志中看到：

Started GET "/nonexistent" for 127.0.0.1 at 2014-04-22 13:45:12 +0100

ActionController::RoutingError (No route matches [GET] "/nonexistent"):
  actionpack (3.2.16) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:21:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.16) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:56:in `call'
  railties (3.2.16) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:32:in `call_app'
  railties (3.2.16) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:16:in `block in call'
  activesupport (3.2.16) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:22:in `tagged'
  railties (3.2.16) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:16:in `call'
  quiet_assets (1.0.2) lib/quiet_assets.rb:18:in `call_with_quiet_assets'
  actionpack (3.2.16) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:22:in `call'
  rack (1.4.5) lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:21:in `call'
  rack (1.4.5) lib/rack/runtime.rb:17:in `call'
  activesupport (3.2.16) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache.rb:72:in `call'
  rack (1.4.5) lib/rack/lock.rb:15:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.16) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:63:in `call'
  railties (3.2.16) lib/rails/engine.rb:484:in `call'
  railties (3.2.16) lib/rails/application.rb:231:in `call'
  rack (1.4.5) lib/rack/content_length.rb:14:in `call'
  railties (3.2.16) lib/rails/rack/log_tailer.rb:17:in `call'
  rack (1.4.5) lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb:59:in `service'
  /Users/me/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/2.0.0/webrick/httpserver.rb:138:in `service'
  /Users/me/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/2.0.0/webrick/httpserver.rb:94:in `run'
  /Users/me/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p353/lib/ruby/2.0.0/webrick/server.rb:295:in `block in start_thread'


  Rendered /Users/me/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p353/gems/actionpack-3.2.16/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/templates/rescues/routing_error.erb within rescues/layout (3.2ms)

似乎 application_controller 甚至没有执行，因此它不会加载我的自定义 404 页面。

我不确定如何解决这个问题，以及如何在我的开发环境中可视化 404 和 500 页面，以确保它们看起来符合我的要求。

谢谢，

Answer 1

开发中.rb

改变

config.consider_all_requests_local = true

到

config.consider_all_requests_local = false

然后重新启动您的服务器。您的错误页面将在不进行所有调试的情况下显示。

Answer 2

这是一个更好的方法：

#config/environments/production.rb
-> config/application.rb if you want on all environments
config.exceptions_app = ->(env) { ExceptionController.action(:show).call(env) }


#app/controllers/exception_controller.rb
class ExceptionController < ApplicationController
  respond_to :html, :xml, :json

    #Dependencies
    before_action :status

  #Layout
  layout :layout_status

  ####################
  #      Action      #
  ####################

    #Show
  def show
    respond_with status: @status
  end

  ####################
  #   Dependencies   #
  ####################

  protected

  #Info
  def status
    @exception  = env['action_dispatch.exception']
    @status     = ActionDispatch::ExceptionWrapper.new(env, @exception).status_code
    @response   = ActionDispatch::ExceptionWrapper.rescue_responses[@exception.class.name]
  end

  #Format
  def details
    @details ||= {}.tap do |h|
      I18n.with_options scope: [:exception, :show, @response], exception_name: @exception.class.name, exception_message: @exception.message do |i18n|
        h[:name]    = i18n.t "#{@exception.class.name.underscore}.title", default: i18n.t(:title, default: @exception.class.name)
        h[:message] = i18n.t "#{@exception.class.name.underscore}.description", default: i18n.t(:description, default: @exception.message)
      end
    end
  end
  helper_method :details

  ####################
  #      Layout      #
  ####################

  private

  #Layout
  def layout_status
    @status.to_s == "404" ? "application" : "error"
  end

end

#app/views/exception/show.html.haml
.box
%h1
    = details[:name]
%p
    = details[:message]

这行得通。如果您想在 dev 中运行，请使用 @interpidd 的答案

Answer 3

最好在生产模式下启动服务器并验证它。

rails s -eproduction

然后它将呈现错误页面。