抛出异常并通过子类实现

Question

我正在尝试创建一个名为 HashException 的 java.lang.RuntimeException 子类，当我的 NumStream 类遇到哈希字符 (#) 时，我必须修改 NumStream 以将其抛出。不太清楚如何实现这一点，我有一些东西，它确实会抛出异常，但我想知道是否有更清洁的方法来实现这一点，或者即使我做得正确。

import java.io.*;
import java.lang.*;

class HashException extends java.lang.RuntimeException
{
    public void write(int c)
    {
        if(c == 35) throw new RuntimeException("This is a Hash Tag!");
    }
}

public class NumStream extends OutputStream
{
    public void write(int c) throws IOException
    {  
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

        HashException h = new HashException();
        h.write(c);

        switch(c)
        {
            case ' ': sb.append(" ");
                break;
            case '1': sb.append("One");
                break;
            case '2': sb.append("Two");
                break;
            case '3': sb.append("Three");
                break;
            case '4': sb.append("Four");
                break;                
            case '5': sb.append("Five");
                break; 
            case '6': sb.append("Six");
                break;
            case '7': sb.append("Seven");
                break;
            case '8': sb.append("Eight");
                break;     
            case '9': sb.append("Nine");
                break; 
            case '0': sb.append("Zero");
                break;
            default:  sb.append(Integer.toString(c));
                break;
        }
        System.out.print(sb);
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    {
        NumStream ns = new NumStream();
        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(ns));
        pw.println("123456789 and ! and # ");
        pw.flush();
    }
}

这是我的输出：

run:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: This is a Hash Tag!
    at HashException.write(NumStream.java:8)
    at NumStream.write(NumStream.java:19)
OneTwoThreeFourFiveSixSevenEightNine and ! and  at     java.io.OutputStream.write(OutputStream.java:116)
    at sun.nio.cs.StreamEncoder.writeBytes(StreamEncoder.java:221)
    at sun.nio.cs.StreamEncoder.implFlushBuffer(StreamEncoder.java:291)
    at sun.nio.cs.StreamEncoder.implFlush(StreamEncoder.java:295)
    at sun.nio.cs.StreamEncoder.flush(StreamEncoder.java:141)
    at java.io.OutputStreamWriter.flush(OutputStreamWriter.java:229)
    at java.io.PrintWriter.flush(PrintWriter.java:320)
    at NumStream.main(NumStream.java:54)
Java Result: 1

Answer 1

检查可能应该在您的 numstream 类中。如果遇到散列，则抛出散列异常。像这样：

 switch(c) {
            case '#':
                throw new HashException();
            case ' ': sb.append(" ");
                break;
            case '1': sb.append("One");
                break;
            case '2': sb.append("Two");
                break;
            case '3': sb.append("Three");
                break;
            case '4': sb.append("Four");
                break;                
            case '5': sb.append("Five");
                break; 
            case '6': sb.append("Six");
                break;
            case '7': sb.append("Seven");
                break;
            case '8': sb.append("Eight");
                break;     
            case '9': sb.append("Nine");
                break; 
            case '0': sb.append("Zero");
                break;
            default:  sb.append(Integer.toString(c));
                break;
        }

您也可以在HashException 类中声明异常message：

class HashException extends Exception
{
    public HashException() {
       super("A hash was encountered!");
    }
}

请注意，HashException 可能应该扩展 Exception，而不是 RuntimeException。