一个简单的 try catch 不起作用 Powershell

Question

所以我正在使用 Powershell 进行 robocopy。我想要的只是写一个日志文件。 Robocopy 有效，但 try and catch 无效。这是我的 Powershell 代码：

function Write-Log{[CmdletBinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$False)]
[ValidateSet("INFO","WARN","ERROR","FATAL","DEBUG")]
[String]
$level = "INFO",

[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[string]
$message ,

[Parameter(Mandatory=$True)]
[string]
$logfile
)

$timeStamp = (Get-Date).toString("dd.MM.yyyy HH:mm:ss")
$line = "$timeStamp $level $message"
if($logfile) {
    Add-Content $logfile -Value $line
} else {
    Write-Output $line
}}


try {C:\WINDOWS\SysWOW64\robocopy.exe "C:\Users\boriv\Desktop\por" "C:/users/boriv/desktop/1" robocopy *.* /MIR /EFSRAW /DCOPY:DAT /A+:R /A-:AE /IA:ACEHNORST /V /BYTES}

catch { Write-Log -message "Der Kopiervorgang war nicht erfolgreich" -logfile "C:\users\boriv\Desktop\$(get-date -f dd-MM-yyyy).txt" -level ERROR}

Write-Log -message "Der Kopiervorgang war erfolgreich" -logfile "C:\users\boriv\Desktop\$(get-date -f dd-MM-yyyy).txt" -level INFO

Answer 1

您不能对外部进程使用异常处理（robocopy.exe 就是这样）。

相反，您应该使用$LASTEXITCODE 来确定执行的状态。每个单独的外部命令都有不同的退出代码，意味着不同的事情（尽管0 几乎普遍意味着成功）。

See the very last section here 获取有关处理外部错误的信息。

A list of robocopy exit codes is available here 并提供此信息：

0 No errors occurred and no files were copied.
1 One of more files were copied successfully.
2 Extra files or directories were detected.  Examine the log file for more information.
4 Mismatched files or directories were detected.  Examine the log file for more information.
8 Some files or directories could not be copied and the retry limit was exceeded.
16 Robocopy did not copy any files.  Check the command line parameters and verify that Robocopy has enough rights to write to the destination folder.

我强烈建议您在 Robocopy 中使用 /LOG 参数 为了创建一个完整的进程日志文件。这个文件是 对于找出问题所在非常宝贵。

另外RoelVB添加了一条非常有用的评论：

请注意，对于 robocopy，退出代码是按位计算的，并且可以组合使用。例如，您可以获得退出代码 3，它是 1 和 2 的组合