Python：如何防止重复随机选择的键/值对

Question

def fill2_line1():
    x2 = random.choice(list(twoSyllValues.items()))
    line1.append(x2)

magicList = ([x[1] for x in line1])
            
if 1 in magicList:
    fill2_line1()
    fill2_line1()
    complete_line = line1[0][0] + " " + line1[1][0] + " " + 
    line1[2][0]
    print(complete_line)

这是有问题的部分 - 整个程序超过 150 行。它按原样完美运行，但有时我会得到重复的单词。为了优化代码，我想确保第一个随机元组选择中的键在该列表 line1 的下两个选定元组中不重复。我能想到的唯一方法是在第一个单词选择之后创建另一个字典，然后从新字典中排除该键值对，然后进行接下来的两个 random.choice 调用。我觉得一定有更简单的方法，但我还没有经验。

Answer 1

我可以想出三种方法来解决您面临的问题。我将编写一个示例代码，您可以参考，因为我不知道您的整个代码。

1. 在第二次 random.choice 调用之前删除密钥，并在需要时将其重新添加。这有点类似于创建另一个字典，但效率更高。

def fill2_line1():
    x2 = random.choice(list(twoSyllValues.items()))
    line1.append(x2)
    return x2

magicList = ([x[1] for x in line1])
            
if 1 in magicList:
    deleted_list = []
    # run first random.choice
    deleted_item = fill2_line1()
    deleted_list.append(deleted_item)
    del twoSyllValues[deleted_item[0]]
    # run second random.choice
    deleted_item = fill2_line1()
    deleted_list.append(deleted_item)
    del twoSyllValues[deleted_item[0]]
    complete_line = line1[0][0] + " " + line1[1][0] + " " 
                    + line1[2][0]
    print(complete_line)
    # add the deleted items back in after work is done
    for k, v in deleted_list:
        twoSyllValues[k] = v

1. 运行 random.choice 直到没有重复项。

def fill2_line1(deleted_set):
    x2 = random.choice(list(twoSyllValues.items()))
    while x2 not in deleted_set:
        x2 = random.choice(list(twoSyllValues.items()))
    line1.append(x2)
    deleted_set.add(x2)

magicList = ([x[1] for x in line1])
            
if 1 in magicList:
    deleted_set = set([])
    fill2_line1(deleted_set)
    fill2_line1(deleted_set)
    complete_line = line1[0][0] + " " + line1[1][0] + " " 
                    + line1[2][0]
    print(complete_line)

1. 为 random.choice 保留另一个列表

def fill2_line1(items_list):
    x2 = random.choice(items_list)
    line1.append(x2)
    items_list.remove(x2)

magicList = ([x[1] for x in line1])
            
if 1 in magicList:
    items_list = list(twoSyllValues.items())
    fill2_line1(items_list)
    fill2_line1(items_list)
    complete_line = line1[0][0] + " " + line1[1][0] + " " 
                    + line1[2][0]
    print(complete_line)

希望我的回答能给你一些想法！