SwiftUI 中的全局与本地

Question

test view3 body, glabel selected = false
test view3, will show test view4
test view3 body, glabel selected = false
test view4 init, glabel selected = false, local selected = false
test view4 body, glabel selected = false, local selected = false
test view4, local toggle
test view4 body, glabel selected = false, local selected = true
test view4, global toggle
test view4 body, glabel selected = true, local selected = true
test view3 body, glabel selected = true
test view4 init, glabel selected = true, local selected = true
test view4 body, glabel selected = true, local selected = true
test view4, global toggle
test view4 body, glabel selected = false, local selected = true
test view3 body, glabel selected = false
test view4 init, glabel selected = false, local selected = false  // #1
test view4 body, glabel selected = false, local selected = true   // #2

这里是一些以下源代码的日志。 TestView4 有一个从全局初始化的本地状态值。当全局值改变时，testView 3&4 都刷新，test view4 init(#1) 和 test view4 body(#2) 有不同的值，为什么？ testview4 的 UI 显示为 #2，我希望它是 #2，因为一旦 testview4 显示，我不希望全局值影响本地值。如何避免在全局值更改时测试 view4 init(#1)，testview3 刷新，导致测试 view4 init(#1)？

class TestData: ObservableObject {
    static let shared = TestData()
    @Published var selected: Bool = false
}

struct TestView3: View {
    @ObservedObject var data = TestData.shared
    @State private var sheetShowing = false
    var body: some View {
        print("test view3 body, glabel selected = \(data.selected)"); return
        VStack {
            Text("Global").foregroundColor(data.selected ? .red : .gray).onTapGesture {
                self.data.selected.toggle()
            }.padding()
            Button(action: {
                self.sheetShowing = true
                print("test view3, will show test view4")
            }) { Text("Show TestView4") }.padding()
        }.sheet(isPresented: $sheetShowing) { TestView4(selected: self.data.selected) }
    }
}

struct TestView4: View {
    @ObservedObject var data = TestData.shared
    @State private var selected = false
    init(selected: Bool) {
        self._selected = State(initialValue: selected)
        print("test view4 init, glabel selected = \(data.selected), local selected = \(self.selected)")
    }
    var body: some View {
        print("test view4 body, glabel selected = \(data.selected), local selected = \(selected)"); return
        VStack {
            Text("Local").foregroundColor(selected ? .red : .gray).onTapGesture {
                self.selected.toggle()
                print("test view4, local toggle")
            }.padding()
            Text("Global").foregroundColor(data.selected ? .red : .gray).onTapGesture {
                self.data.selected.toggle()
                print("test view4, global toggle")
            }.padding()
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

只要你插入这一行

 @ObservedObject var data = TestData.shared

在结构体中，数据的每一次变化都会触发一次更新。

测试自己：

class T : ObservableObject {

    @Published var a = 1
    @Published var b = 2
}

struct ContentView: View {

    @EnvironmentObject var t : T

    init() {
        print("init")
    }

    var body: some View {
        print ("update")
        return Text("Hello, World!")
    }
}

以及场景委托中的测试调用：

 var t = T()
        let contentView = ContentView().environmentObject(t)

        Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: 2, repeats: true) { (timer) in
            t.a += 1
        }