在 Mac 上使用 Apache 和 mod_wsgi 设置 Django：配置问题

Question

我正在尝试使用 mod_wsgi 在 Apache 上运行本地 Django 服务器。我在 Mac 上运行开箱即用的 Apache。

hobbes3@hobbes3:~/Sites/mysite$ apachectl -v
Server version: Apache/2.2.21 (Unix)
Server built:   Nov 15 2011 15:12:57

Apache 正确加载 mod_wsgi。

hobbes3@hobbes3:~/Sites/mysite$ apachectl -M | grep wsgi
Syntax OK
wsgi_module (shared)

在我的httpd.conf 文件中，我加载了apache_django_wsgi.conf，即

WSGIDaemonProcess django
WSGIProcessGroup django
WSGIPythonHome /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/

Alias /mysite/ "/Users/hobbes3/Sites/mysite/"
<Directory "/Users/hobbes3/Sites/mysite">
Order allow,deny
Options Indexes
Allow from all
IndexOptions FancyIndexing
</Directory>

WSGIScriptAlias /mysite "/Users/hobbes3/Sites/mysite/apache/django.wsgi"

<Directory "/Users/hobbes3/Sites/mysite/apache">
Allow from all
</Directory>

我的django.wsgi 文件是

import os
import sys

paths = [ '/Users/hobbes3/Sites/mysite',
          '/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages',
]

for path in paths:
    if path not in sys.path:
        sys.path.append(path)

sys.executable = '/usr/local/bin/python'
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'settings'

import django.core.handlers.wsgi
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

我也可以重新启动 Apache 而不会出现任何错误。但是当我尝试访问http://localhost/mysite 时，浏览器只会显示我页面的索引。页面底部显示Apache/2.2.21 (Unix) DAV/2 mod_wsgi/3.3 Python/2.7.2 PHP/5.3.8 with Suhosin-Patch Server at localhost Port 80。

之前说不能加载MySQLdb，现在没有报错了。但我仍然看不到我的 Django 站点。这是之前的错误（我截断了日期和时间）：

mod_wsgi (pid=74739): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/Users/hobbes3/Sites/mysite/apache/django.wsgi'.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 272, in __call__
    response = self.get_response(request)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 169, in get_response
    response = self.handle_uncaught_exception(request, resolver, sys.exc_info())
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 203, in handle_uncaught_exception
    return debug.technical_500_response(request, *exc_info)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/debug.py", line 59, in technical_500_response
    html = reporter.get_traceback_html()
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/views/debug.py", line 151, in get_traceback_html
    return t.render(c)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 123, in render
    return self._render(context)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 117, in _render
    return self.nodelist.render(context)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 744, in render
    bits.append(self.render_node(node, context))
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py", line 73, in render_node
    result = node.render(context)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/debug.py", line 90, in render
    output = self.filter_expression.resolve(context)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/base.py", line 536, in resolve
    new_obj = func(obj, *arg_vals)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/template/defaultfilters.py", line 695, in date
    return format(value, arg)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/dateformat.py", line 285, in format
    return df.format(format_string)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/dateformat.py", line 30, in format
    pieces.append(force_unicode(getattr(self, piece)()))
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/dateformat.py", line 191, in r
    return self.format('D, j M Y H:i:s O')
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/dateformat.py", line 30, in format
    pieces.append(force_unicode(getattr(self, piece)()))
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/encoding.py", line 71, in force_unicode
    s = unicode(s)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 206, in __unicode_cast
    return self.__func(*self.__args, **self.__kw)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/__init__.py", line 81, in ugettext
    return _trans.ugettext(message)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 286, in ugettext
    return do_translate(message, 'ugettext')
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 276, in do_translate
    _default = translation(settings.LANGUAGE_CODE)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 185, in translation
    default_translation = _fetch(settings.LANGUAGE_CODE)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/translation/trans_real.py", line 162, in _fetch
    app = import_module(appname)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/__init__.py", line 3, in <module>
    from django.contrib.admin.helpers import ACTION_CHECKBOX_NAME
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/helpers.py", line 3, in <module>
    from django.contrib.admin.util import (flatten_fieldsets, lookup_field,
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/contrib/admin/util.py", line 1, in <module>
    from django.db import models
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 78, in <module>
    connection = connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS]
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 93, in __getitem__
    backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 33, in load_backend
    return import_module('.base', backend_name)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 14, in <module>
    raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
TemplateSyntaxError: Caught ImproperlyConfigured while rendering: Error loading MySQLdb module: dlopen(/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.3-py2.7-macosx-10.4-x86_64.egg/_mysql.so, 2): Library not loaded: libmysqlclient.18.dylib
  Referenced from: /usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/MySQL_python-1.2.3-py2.7-macosx-10.4-x86_64.egg/_mysql.so

Answer 1

mysite 的 Alias 和 WSGIScriptAlias 都有。我猜第一个 Alias 优先，所以 Apache 提供目录列表而不是委托给 mod_wsgi。