如何从 Python 加载数据并保存到 JavaScript 中的变量

Question

我正在做一个项目，我需要在 Python 中使用一些库，但是，该项目的大部分内容将使用 Javascript（React Native）进行编码。

我目前正在玩从 JavaScript 调用 Python，我想将从 Python 调用的数据保存到我的 JavaScript 文件中的变量中。

这是我目前正在玩的代码：

index.js

const spawn = require("child_process").spawn;

const process = spawn("python", ["./hello.py", 4]);

var result;

process.stdout.on("data", (data) => {
  result = parseInt(data.toString());
});

var newNum = result * 10;
console.log(newNum);

你好.py

import sys

sum = 0
sum = int(sys.argv[1])
sum = sum*3

print(sum)

但是，控制台输出只是“未定义”，我该怎么做才能解决这个问题？

谢谢

Answer 1

由于 Node.js 是异步的，您需要等待子进程退出，然后再尝试对 result 进行操作。让我举例说明：

const spawn = require("child_process").spawn;
const process = spawn("python", ["./hello.py", 4]);
// A process was started in the background, and your code continues...
// You declare a `result` variable, whose value is `undefined`...
var result;
// Python might still be starting up at this point...
// You register a handler for output from the process, but it might not get called
// yet since your computer is from 1996 and it takes a while to start Python...
process.stdout.on("data", (data) => {
  result = parseInt(data.toString());
});
// You operate on the `result`, which still is undefined...
var newNum = result * 10;
// Oh! Hey! Python started in the background! It printed out some data, and now the data handler from before got called! Yay! `result` is indeed 12 right now!
// but... you know... let's print `undefined * 10`.
console.log(newNum);

您可以改为等待标准输出流结束：

const spawn = require("child_process").spawn;

const process = spawn("python", ["./hello.py", 4]);

var result;

process.stdout.on("data", (data) => {
  result = parseInt(data.toString());
});

process.stdout.on("end", () => {
  var newNum = result * 10;
  console.log(newNum);
});

或者进程退出：

const spawn = require("child_process").spawn;

const process = spawn("python", ["./hello.py", 4]);

var result;

process.stdout.on("data", (data) => {
  result = parseInt(data.toString());
});

process.on("exit", () => {
  var newNum = result * 10;
  console.log(newNum);
});

您可以将其包装成一个简洁的帮助函数，该函数返回一个承诺（未经测试，抱歉）：

const spawn = require("child_process").spawn;

function spawnAndCaptureOutput(command, args) {
  return new Promise((resolve) => {
    const process = spawn(command, args);
    let stdout = "";
    let stderr = "";
    process.stdout.on("data", (data) => {
      stdout += data.toString();
    });
    process.stderr.on("data", (data) => {
      stderr += data.toString();
    });
    process.on("close", (code) => {
      resolve({ stdout, stderr, code });
    });
    // TODO: error handling?
  });
}

spawnAndCaptureOutput("python", ["./hello.py", 4]).then(
  ({ stdout }) => {
    const number = parseInt(stdout);
    console.log(number * 8);
  },
);