如何使用 python 解码图像字符串

Question

我想解码图像字符串。 例如我下面的字符串是谷歌图片。如何识别它是如何编码的？以及如何解码？

谷歌标志示例：

/* 使用条款见 license.txt */ /** 重置样式 / .firebugResetStyles { z-index: 2147483646 !important;顶部：0！重要；左：0！重要；显示：块！重要；边框：0 无！重要；边距：0！重要；填充：0！重要；大纲：0！重要；最小宽度：0！重要；最大宽度：无！重要；最小高度：0！重要；最大高度：无！重要；位置：固定！重要；变换：旋转（0度）！重要；变换原点：50% 50% !important;边界半径：0！重要；盒子阴影：无！重要；背景：透明无！重要；指针事件：无！重要；空白：正常！重要； } style.firebugResetStyles { display: none !important; } .firebugBlockBackgroundColor { 背景颜色：透明！重要； } .firebugResetStyles:before, .firebugResetStyles:after { content: "" !important; } /**firebug 主题要修改的实际样式/ .firebugCanvas { display: none !important; } /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * / .firebugLayoutBox { width: auto !important;位置：静态！重要； } .firebugLayoutBoxOffset { 不透明度：0.8 ！重要；位置：固定！重要； } .firebugLayoutLine { 不透明度：0.4 ！重要；背景颜色：#000000 ！重要； } .firebugLayoutLineLeft, .firebugLayoutLineRight { 宽度: 1px !important;高度：100%！重要； } .firebugLayoutLineTop, .firebugLayoutLineBottom { 宽度：100% !important;高度：1px！重要； } .firebugLayoutLineTop { 边距顶部：-1px ！重要； border-top: 1px solid #999999 !important; } .firebugLayoutLineRight {border-right: 1px solid #999999 !important; } .firebugLayoutLineBottom {border-bottom: 1px solid #999999 !important; } .firebugLayoutLineLeft { margin-left: -1px !important;左边框：1px 实心 #999999 !important; } / * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */ .firebugLayoutBoxParent { border-top: 0 none !important; border-right: 1px 虚线 #E00 !important; border-bottom: 1px 虚线 #E00 !important;左边框：0 无！重要；位置：固定！重要；宽度：自动！重要； } .firebugRuler{ 位置：绝对！重要； } .firebugRulerH { 顶部：-15px ！重要；左：0！重要；宽度：100%！重要；高度：14px！重要；背景: url("数据:图片/png,%89PNG%0D%0A%1A%0A%00%00%00%0DIHDR%00%00%13%88%00%00%00%0E%08%02% 00%00%00L%25a%0A%00%00%00%04gAMA%00%00%D6%D8%D4OX2%00%00%00%19tEXTSoftware%00Adobe%20ImageReadyq%C9e%3C%00%00%04% F8IDATx%DA%EC%DD%D1n%E2%3A%00E%D1%80%F8%FF%EF%E2%AF2%95%D0D4%0E%C1%14%B0%8Fa-%E9%3E%CC %9C%87n%B9%81%A6W0%1C%A6i%9A%E7y%0As8%1CT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U %AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AATE9%FE%FCw%3E%9F %AF%2B%2F%BA%97%FDT%1D~K(%5C%9D%D5%EA%1B%5C%86%B5%A9%BDU%B5y%80%ED%AB*%03%FAV9 %AB%E1%CEj%E7%82%EF%FB%18%BC%AEJ8%AB%FA'%D2%BEU9%D7U%ECc0%E1%A2r%5DynwVi%CFW%7F%BB%17%7Dy% EACU%CD%0E%F0%FA%3BX%FEbV%FEM%9B%2B%AD%BE%AA%E5%95v%AB%AA%E3E5%DCu%15rV9%07%B5%7F%B5w%FCm% BA%BE%AA%FBY%3D%14%F0%EE%C7%60%0EU%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95* U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5JU%88%D3%F5%1F%AE%DF%3B%1B%F2%3E%DAUCNa%F92%D02%AC%7Dm%F9% 3A%D4%F2%8B6%AE*%BF%5C%C2Ym~9g5%D0Y%95%17%7C%C8c%B0%7C%18%26%9CU%CD%13i%F7%AA%90%B3Z %7D%95%B4%C7%60% E6E%B5%BC%05%B4%FBY%95U%9E%DB%FD%1C%FC%E0%9F%83%7F%BE%17%7DkjMU%E3%03%AC%7CWj%DF%83% 9An%BCG%AE%F1%95%96yQ%0Dq%5Dy%00%3Et%B5'%FC6%5DS%95pV%95%01%81%FF'%07%00%00%00%00%00% 00%00%00%00%F8x%C7%F0%BE%9COp%5D%C9%7C%AD%E7%E6%EBV%FB%1E%E0(%07%E5%AC%C6%3A%ABi %9C%8F%C6%0E9%AB%C0'%D2%8E%9F%F99%D0E%B5%99%14%F5%0D%CD%7F%24%C6%DEH%B8%E9rV%DFs% DB%D0%F7%00k%FE%1D%84%84%83J%B8%E3%BA%FB%EF%20%84%1C%D7%AD%B0%8E%D7U%C8Y%05%1E% D4t%EF%AD%95Q%BF8w%BF%E9%0A%BF%EB%03%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%B8vJ%8E%BB%F5%B1u% 8Cx%80%E1o%5E%CA9%AB%CB%CB%8E%03%DF%1D%B7T%25%9C%D5(%EFJM8%AB%CC'%D2%B2*%A4s%E7c6%FB %3E%FA%A2%1E%80~%0E%3E%DA%10x%5D%95Uig%15u%15%ED%7C%14%B6%87%A1%3B%FCo8%A8%D8o%D3% ADO%01%EDx%83%1A~%1B%9FpP%A3%DC%C6'%9C%95gK%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%20%D9%C9% 11%D0%C0%40%AF%3F%EE%EE%92%94%D6%16X%B5%BCMH%15%2F%BF%D4%A7%C87%F1%8E%F2%81%AE% AAvzr%DA2%ABV%17%7C%E63%83%E7I%DC%C6%0Bs%1B%EF6%1E%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%80cr%9CW% FF%7F%C6%01%0E%F1%CE%A5%84%B3%CA%BC%E0%CB%AA%84%CE%F9%BF)%EC%13%08WU%AE%AB%B1 %AE%2BO%EC%8E%CBYe%F E%8CN%ABr%5Dy%60~%CFA%0D%F4%AE%D4%BE%C75%CA%EDVB%EA(%B7%F1%09g%E5%D9%12%00%00%00% 00%00%00%00%00%00H%F6%EB%13S%E7y%5E%5E%FB%98%F0%22%D1%B2'%A7%F0%92%B1%BC%24z3%AC %7Dm%60%D5%92%B4%7CEUO%5E%F0%AA*%3BU%B9%AE%3E%A0j%94%07%A0%C7%A0%AB%FD%B5%3F%A0% F7%03T%3Dy%D7%F7%D6%D4%C0%AAU%D2%E6%DFt%3F%A8%CC%AA%F2%86%B9%D7%F5%1F%18%E6%01% F8%CC%D5%9E%F0%F3z%88%AA%90%EF%20%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%C0%A6%D3%EA%CFi% AFb%2C%7BB%0A%2B%C3%1A%D7%06V%D5%07%A8r%5D%3D%D9%A6%CAu%F5%25%CF%A2%99%97zNX%60%95% AB%5DUZ%D5%FBR%03%AB%1C%D4k%9F%3F%BB%5C%FF%81a%AE%AB'%7F%F3%EA%FE%F3z%94%AA%D8%DF %5B%01%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%00%8E%FB%F3%F2%B1%1B%8DWU%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R %A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R %A5J%95*UiU%C7%BBe%E7%F3%B9%CB%AAJ%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J %95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5J%95*U%AAT%A9R%A5*%AAj%FD%C6%D4% 5Eo%90%B5Z%ADV%AB%D5j%B5Z%ADV%AB%D5j%B5Z%ADV%AB%D5j%B5Z%ADV%AB%D5j%B5Z%ADV%AB%D5j%B5Z%ADV%AB% D5j%B5Z%ADV%A B%D5j%B5%86%AF%1B%9F%98%DA%EBm%BBV%AB%D5j%B5Z%ADV%AB%D5j%B5Z%ADV%AB%D5j%B5Z%ADV%AB%D5j% B5Z%ADV%AB%D5j%B5Z%ADV%AB%D5j%B5Z%ADV%AB%D5j%B5Z%AD%D6%E4%F58%01%00%00%00%00%00%00%00% 00%00%00%00%00%00%40%85%7F%02%0C%008%C2%D0H%16j%8FX%00%00%00%00IEND%AEB%60%82") 重复-x ！重要的;边框顶部：1px 实心 #BBBBBB ！重要；右边框：1px 虚线 #BBBBBB !important;边框底部：1px 实心 #000000 ！重要； } .firebugRulerV { 顶部：0 ！重要；左：-15px！重要；宽度：14px！重要；高度：100%！重要；背景: url("数据:图片/png,%89PNG%0D%0A%1A%0A%00%00%00%0DIHDR%00%00%00%0E%00%00%13%88%08%02% 00%00%00%0E%F5%CB%10%00%00%00%04gAMA%00%00%D6%D8%D4OX2%00%00%00%19tEXtSoftware%00Adobe%20ImageReadyq%C9e%3C%00% 00%06~IDATx%DA%EC%DD%D1v%A20%14%40Qt%F1%FF%FF%E4%97%D9%07%3BT%19%92%DC%40(%90%EEy%9A5 %CB%B6%E8%F6%9Ac%A4%CC0%84%FF%DC%9E%CF%E7%E3%F1%88%DE4%F8%5D%C7%9F%2F%BA%DD%5E %7FI%7D%F18%DDn%BA%C5%FB%DF%97%BFk%F2%10%FF%FD%B4%F2M%A7%FB%FD%FD%B3%22%07p%8F%3F %AE%E3%F4S%8A%8F%40%EEq%9D%BE8D%F0%0EY%A1Uq%B7%EA%1F%81%88V%E8X%3F%B4%CEy%B7h%D1%A2E%EBohU %FC%D9%AF2fO%8BBeD%BE%F7X%0C%97%A4%D6b7%2Ck%A5%12%E3%9B%60v%B7r%C7%1AI%8C%BD%2B%23r%00c0%B2v %9B%AD%CA%26%0C%1Ek%05A%FD%93%D0%2B%A1u%8B%16-%95q%5Ce%DCSO%8E%E4M%23%8B%F7%C2%FE% 40%BB%BD%8C%FC%8A%B5V%EBu%40%F9%3B%A72%FA%AE%8C%D4%01%CC%B5%DA%13%9CB%AB%E2I%18% 24%B0n%A9%0CZCe%9C%A22%8E%D8NJ%1E%EB%FF%8F%AE%CAP%19%C3%BAEKe%AC%D1%AAX%8C* %DEH%8F%C5W%A1e%AD%D4%B7%5C%5B%19%C5%DB%0D%EF%9F%19%1D%7B%5E%86%BD%0C%95%A12%AC %5B*%83%96%CAP%19%F62T%86%CAP%19*%83%96%C A%B8Xe%BC%FE)T%19%A1%17xg%7F%DA%CBP%19*%C3%BA%A52T%86%CAP%19%F62T%86%CA%B0n%A9%0CZ%1DV %C6%3D%F3%FCH%DE%B4%B8~%7F%5CZc%F1%D6%1F%AF%84%F9%0F6%E6%EBVt9%0E~%BEr%AF%23%B0%97 %A12T%86%CAP%19%B4T%86%CA%B8Re%D8%CBP%19*%C3%BA%A52huX%19%AE%CA%E5%BC%0C%7B%19*CeX%B7h% A9%0C%95%E1%BC%0C%7B%19*CeX%B7T%06%AD%CB%5E%95%2B%BF.%8F%C5%97%D5%E4%7B%EE%82 %D6%FB%CF-%9C%FD%B9%CF%3By%7B%19%F62T%86%CA%B0n%D1R%19*%A3%D3%CA%B0%97%A12T%86uKe%D0 %EA%B02*%3F1%99%5DB%2B%A4%B5%F8%3A%7C%BA%2B%8Co%7D%5C%EDe%A8%0C%95a%DDR%19%B4T%C66% 82fA%B2%ED%DA%9FC%FC%17GZ%06%C9%E1%B3%E5%2C%1A%9FoiB%EB%96%CA%A0%D5qe4%7B%7D%FD%85%F7% 5B%ED_%E0s%07%F0k%951%ECr%0D%B5C%D7-g%D1%A8%0C%EB%96%CA%A0%A52T%C6)%C3%5E%86% CAP%19%D6-%95A%EB%95q%F8%BB%E3%F9%AB%F6%E21%ACZ%B7%22%B7%9B%3F%02%85%CB%A2 %5B%B7%BA%5E%B7%9C%97%E1%BC%0C%EB%16-%95%A12z%AC%0C%BFc%A22T%86uKe%D0%EA%B02V%DD%AD% 8A%2B%8CWhe%5E%AF%CF%F5%3B%26%CE%CBh%5C%19%CE%CB%B0%F3%A4%095%A1%CAP%19*Ce%A8%0C% 3BO*Ce%A8%0C%95%A12%3A%AD%8C%0A%82%7B%F0v%1F%2FD%A9%5B%9F%EE%EA%26%AF%03%CA%DF9% 7B%19*Ce%A 8%0C%95%A12T%86%CA%B8Ze%D8%CBP%19*Ce%A8%0C%95%D1ae%EC%F7%89I%E1%B4%D7M%D7P%8BjU%5C%BB% 3E%F2%20%D8%CBP%19*Ce%A8%0C%95%A12T%C6%D5*%C3%5E%86%CAP%19*Ce%B4O%07%7B%F0W%7Bw%1C %7C%1A%8C%B3%3B%D1%EE%AA%5C%D6-%EBV%83%80%5E%D0%CA%10%5CU%2BD%E07YU%86%CAP%19*%E3 %9A%95%91%D9%A0%C8%AD%5B%EDv%9E%82%FFKOee%E4%8FUe%A8%0C%95%A12T%C6%1F%A9%8C%C8%3D%5B %A5%15%FD%14%22r%E7B%9F%17l%F8%BF%ED%EAf%2B%7F%CF%ECe%D8%CBP%19*Ce%A8%0C%95%E1%93 ~%7B%19%F62T%86%CAP%19*Ce%A8%0C%E7%13%DA%CBP%19*Ce%A8%0CZf%8B%16-Z%B4h%D1R%19f%8B% 16-Z%B4h%D1R%19%B4%CC%16-Z%B4h%D1R%19%B4%CC%16-Z%B4h%D1%A2%A52%CC%16-Z%B4h%D1% A2%A52h%99-Z%B4h%D1%A2%A52h%99-Z%B4h%D1%A2EKe%98-Z%B4h%D1%A2EKe%D02%5B%B4h%D1%A2EKe%D02%5B% B4h%D1%A2E%8B%96%CA0%5B%B4h%D1%A2E%8B%96%CA%A0e%B6h%D1%A2E%8B%96%CA%A0e%B6h%D1%A2E%8B% 16-%95a%B6h%D1%A2E%8B%16-%95A%CBl%D1%A2E%8B%16-%95A%CBl%D1%A2E%8B%16-Z*%C3l%D1%A2E% 8B%16-Z*%83%96%D9%A2E%8B%16-Z*%83%96%D9%A2E%8B%16-Z%B4T%86%D9%A2E%8B%16-Z% B4T%06-%B3E%8B%16-Z%B4T%06-%B3E%8B%16-Z%B4h%A9%0C%B3E%8B%16-Z%B4h%A9%0CZf%8B%16- Z%B4h%A9%0CZ f%8B%16-Z%B4h%D1R%19f%8B%16-Z%B4h%D1R%19%B4%CC%16-Z%B4h%D1R%19%B4%CC%16-Z%B4h% D1%A2%A52%CC%16-Z%B4h%D1%A2%A52h%99-Z%B4h%D1%A2%A52h%99-Z%B4h%D1%A2EKe%98-Z%B4h%D1% A2EKe%D02%5B%B4h%D1%A2EKe%D02%5B%B4h%D1%A2E%8B%96%CA0%5B%B4h%D1%A2E%8B%96%CA%A0e%B6h%D1%A2E% 8B%96%CA%A0e%B6h%D1%A2E%8B%16-%95a%B6h%D1%A2E%8B%16-%95A%CBl%D1%A2E%8B%16-%95A%CBl%D1 %A2E%8B%16-Z*%C3l%D1%A2E%8B%16-Z*%83%96%D9%A2E%8B%16-Z*%83%96%D9%A2E%8B%16- Z%B4T%86%D9%A2E%8B%16-Z%B4T%06-%B3E%8B%16-Z%B4T%06-%B3E%8B%16-Z%B4h%A9%0C%B3E% 8B%16-Z%B4h%A9%0CZf%8B%16-Z%B4h%A9%0CZf%8B%16-Z%B4h%D1R%19f%8B%16-Z%B4h%D1R%19%B4% CC%16-Z%B4h%D1R%19%B4%CC%16-Z%B4h%D1%A2%A52%CC%16-Z%B4h%D1%A2%A52h%99-Z%B4h%D1% A2%A52h%99-Z%B4h%D1%A2EKe%98-Z%B4h%D1%A2EKe%D02%5B%B4h%D1%A2EKe%D02%5B%B4h%D1%A2E%8B%96%CA0% 5B%B4h%D1%A2E%8B%96%CA%A0e%B6h%D1%A2E%8B%96%CA%A0e%B6h%D1%A2E%8B%16-%95a%B6h%D1%A2E%8B %16-%95A%CBl%D1%A2E%8B%16-%95A%CBl%D1%A2E%8B%16-Z*%C3l%D1%A2E%8B%16-Z*%83%96%D9 %A2E%8B%16-Z*%83%96%D9%A2E%8B%16-Z%B4T%86%D9%A2E%8B%16-Z%B4T%06-%B3E%8B%16-Z %B4%AE%A4%F5%25 %C0%00%DE%BF%5C'%0F%DA%B8q%00%00%00%00IEND%AEB%60%82") 重复-y！重要；左边框：1px 实心#BBBBBB !important;右边框：1px 实心 #000000 !important;边框底部：1px 虚线 #BBBBBB ！重要； } .overflowRulerX > .firebugRulerV { left: 0 !important; } .overflowRulerY > .firebugRulerH { top: 0 !important; } /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */ .fbProxyElement { 位置：固定！重要；指针事件：自动！重要； } .firepath-matching-node { outline: 2px dashed #00F;}

我尝试使用 base64。但在这方面没有用。 出现错误：缺少填充

有人可以进一步指导我吗？

Answer 1

你试过base64.urlsafe_b64decode(...)吗？另外，首先将 ...%xx%xx... unicode 转换为 ASCII。

Answer 2

图像数据是 url 编码的，而不是 base64 编码的。假设正在使用 Python 3，您可以使用 unquote_to_bytes() 对其进行解码：

from urllib.parse import unquote_to_bytes

data = '''%89PNG%0D%0A%1A%0A%00%00%00%0DIHDR%00%00%13%88%00%00....%C2%D0H%16j%8FX%00%00%00%00IEND%AEB%60%82'''

img_data = unquote_to_bytes(data)
with open('output.png', 'wb') as img_file:
    img_file.write(img_data)

至于从 CSS 中提取图像数据，您可以使用 CSS 解析器，例如 3rd 方模块 cssutils 中提供的：

from urllib.parse import unquote_to_bytes
import cssutils

css = '''content of your the CSS file in your question'''
stylesheet = cssutils.parseString(css)
data = list(cssutils.getUrls(stylesheet))[0]    # the first image in your example CSS
mime, data = data.split(',', 1)
img_data = unquote_to_bytes(data)
img_type = mime[mime.rindex('/')+1:]
img_filename = 'output.{}'.format(img_type)
with open(img_filename, 'wb') as img_file:
    img_file.write(img_data)

或者你可以使用一个讨厌的正则表达式：

import re
m = re.search('url\("(.+?),(.+?)\)', css)
mime, data = m.groups()
...