如何将多行json对象转化为sql表结构化数据？答案

【问题标题】：How to transform multiple rows of json objects into sql table structured data?如何将多行json对象转化为sql表结构化数据？
【发布时间】：2021-03-14 12:58:36
【问题描述】：

我使用 SSIS 中的脚本任务创建了 Web API，该任务使用本教程将 JSON 格式的天气数据检索到 SQL 数据库表中：Weather API SSIS。在本教程示例中，只有一组坐标被使用，它在数据库表中为我们提供了 JSON 对象的一行。

#region Namespaces
using System;
using System.Data;
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Net;
#endregion

namespace ST_6f60bececd8f4f94afaf758869590918
{
    /// <summary>
    /// ScriptMain is the entry point class of the script.  Do not change the name, attributes,
    /// or parent of this class.
    /// </summary>
    [Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Tasks.ScriptTask.SSISScriptTaskEntryPointAttribute]
    public partial class ScriptMain : Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Tasks.ScriptTask.VSTARTScriptObjectModelBase
    {
        #region Help:  Using Integration Services variables and parameters in a script
        /* To use a variable in this script, first ensure that the variable has been added to 
         * either the list contained in the ReadOnlyVariables property or the list contained in 
         * the ReadWriteVariables property of this script task, according to whether or not your
         * code needs to write to the variable.  To add the variable, save this script, close this instance of
         * Visual Studio, and update the ReadOnlyVariables and 
         * ReadWriteVariables properties in the Script Transformation Editor window.
         * To use a parameter in this script, follow the same steps. Parameters are always read-only.
         * 
         * Example of reading from a variable:
         *  DateTime startTime = (DateTime) Dts.Variables["System::StartTime"].Value;
         * 
         * Example of writing to a variable:
         *  Dts.Variables["User::myStringVariable"].Value = "new value";
         * 
         * Example of reading from a package parameter:
         *  int batchId = (int) Dts.Variables["$Package::batchId"].Value;
         *  
         * Example of reading from a project parameter:
         *  int batchId = (int) Dts.Variables["$Project::batchId"].Value;
         * 
         * Example of reading from a sensitive project parameter:
         *  int batchId = (int) Dts.Variables["$Project::batchId"].GetSensitiveValue();
         * */

        #endregion

        #region Help:  Firing Integration Services events from a script
        /* This script task can fire events for logging purposes.
         * 
         * Example of firing an error event:
         *  Dts.Events.FireError(18, "Process Values", "Bad value", "", 0);
         * 
         * Example of firing an information event:
         *  Dts.Events.FireInformation(3, "Process Values", "Processing has started", "", 0, ref fireAgain)
         * 
         * Example of firing a warning event:
         *  Dts.Events.FireWarning(14, "Process Values", "No values received for input", "", 0);
         * */
        #endregion

        #region Help:  Using Integration Services connection managers in a script
        /* Some types of connection managers can be used in this script task.  See the topic 
         * "Working with Connection Managers Programatically" for details.
         * 
         * Example of using an ADO.Net connection manager:
         *  object rawConnection = Dts.Connections["Sales DB"].AcquireConnection(Dts.Transaction);
         *  SqlConnection myADONETConnection = (SqlConnection)rawConnection;
         *  //Use the connection in some code here, then release the connection
         *  Dts.Connections["Sales DB"].ReleaseConnection(rawConnection);
         *
         * Example of using a File connection manager
         *  object rawConnection = Dts.Connections["Prices.zip"].AcquireConnection(Dts.Transaction);
         *  string filePath = (string)rawConnection;
         *  //Use the connection in some code here, then release the connection
         *  Dts.Connections["Prices.zip"].ReleaseConnection(rawConnection);
         * */
        #endregion


        /// <summary>
        /// This method is called when this script task executes in the control flow.
        /// Before returning from this method, set the value of Dts.TaskResult to indicate success or failure.
        /// To open Help, press F1.
        /// </summary>
        public void Main()
        {
            string Longitude =  (string)Dts.Variables["User::Longitude"].Value.ToString();
            string Latitude =  (string)Dts.Variables["User::Latitude"].Value.ToString();
            string municipality = (string)Dts.Variables["User::Municipality"].Value.ToString();
            MessageBox.Show("Longitude:" + Longitude + ", Latitude:" + Latitude);
            var url = @"https://api.met.no/weatherapi/locationforecast/2.0/compact.json?lat="+Latitude+"&lon="+Longitude+"";
            System.Net.ServicePointManager.DefaultConnectionLimit = int.MaxValue;
            HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
            req.UseDefaultCredentials = true;
            req.Proxy.Credentials = System.Net.CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
            var syncClient = new WebClient();
            syncClient.Headers.Add("user-agent", "acmeweathersite.com support@acmeweathersite.com");
            var content = syncClient.DownloadString(url);

            string connectionString = "Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=Weather;Integrated Security=True;";

            using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
            {
                SqlCommand Storproc =
                  new SqlCommand(@"INSERT INTO [dbo].[Weather] (JSONData)
                                    select @JSONData", conn);
                Storproc.Parameters.AddWithValue("@JSONData", content.ToString());
                conn.Open();
                Storproc.ExecuteNonQuery();
                conn.Close();

            }
            // TODO: Add your code here

            Dts.TaskResult = (int)ScriptResults.Success;
        }

        #region ScriptResults declaration
        /// <summary>
        /// This enum provides a convenient shorthand within the scope of this class for setting the
        /// result of the script.
        /// 
        /// This code was generated automatically.
        /// </summary>
        enum ScriptResults
        {
            Success = Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime.DTSExecResult.Success,
            Failure = Microsoft.SqlServer.Dts.Runtime.DTSExecResult.Failure
        };
        #endregion

    }
}

之后，我获取从上面发布的脚本任务代码中检索到的 JSON 对象，并将其插入到 sql 数据表格式的新表中：

declare @JSON nvarchar(max)
select @JSON = [JSONData]
FROM [Weather].[dbo].[Weather]
;with cteTemp as
(SELECT *
FROM OPENJSON(@json, '$.properties.timeseries')
WITH (   
   time datetime '$.time',   
   air_temperature nvarchar(50) '$.data.instant.details.air_temperature',
   wind_speed nvarchar(50) '$.data.instant.details.wind_speed',
   precipitation_amount_next_1_hour nvarchar(50) '$.data.next_1_hours.details.precipitation_amount',
   symbol_code_next_1_hour nvarchar(50) '$.data.next_1_hours.summary.symbol_code',
   precipitation_amount_next_6_hour nvarchar(50) '$.data.next_6_hours.details.precipitation_amount',
   symbol_code_next_6_hour nvarchar(50) '$.data.next_6_hours.summary.symbol_code'
)
)

insert into [dbo].[WeatherByHour]([time],[air_temperature],wind_speed,precipitation_amount_next_1_hour,symbol_code_next_1_hour,precipitation_amount_next_6_hour,symbol_code_next_6_hour)
select [time],
       [air_temperature],
       wind_speed,
       precipitation_amount_next_1_hour,
       symbol_code_next_1_hour,
       precipitation_amount_next_6_hour,
       symbol_code_next_6_hour
from cteTemp;

现在下一步是创建具有多个坐标的表，我将在脚本任务中将其用作参数变量并添加一个 foreach 循环：

这将为我的坐标表中存在的每组坐标提供 3 行 JSON 对象，这些坐标在 URL API 中用作可变参数：

我现在遇到的问题是，当我将 JSON 对象插入到 WeatherByHour 表中时，它仅使用 JSON 对象的第一行和第一组坐标，在我的示例中为我提供了 83 行但理想情况下我会喜欢它产生 83 + 83 + 83 = 249 行。这里最好的解决方案是什么，在脚本任务中创建一个大的 JSON 数组对象，或者以某种方式遍历 Weather 表中的所有 JSON 对象行并将它们插入 WeatherByHour 表中？

这些是我的示例中使用的所有表：

USE [Weather]
GO

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[Weather]    Script Date: 2021-03-14 13:55:44 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Weather](
    [JSONData] [nvarchar](max) NOT NULL
) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]
GO

USE [Weather]
GO

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[WeatherByHour]    Script Date: 2021-03-14 13:56:09 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[WeatherByHour](
    [id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
    [time] [datetime] NULL,
    [air_temperature] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
    [wind_speed] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
    [precipitation_amount_next_1_hour] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
    [symbol_code_next_1_hour] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
    [precipitation_amount_next_6_hour] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
    [symbol_code_next_6_hour] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_WeatherByHour] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
(
    [id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON, OPTIMIZE_FOR_SEQUENTIAL_KEY = OFF) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO


create table Coordinates(
             Municipality nvarchar(50),
             Latitide nvarchar(50),
             Longitude nvarchar(50)
             )
INSERT INTO Coordinates (Municipality, Latitide, Longitude)
VALUES (114, 59.5166667, 17.9),
        (115, 59.5833333, 18.2),
        (117, 59.5, 18.45)

【问题讨论】：

@Zhorov 你知道 m8 吗？

标签： sql json database api ssis

【解决方案1】：

您可以使用 cross apply 将时间序列转换为 json 行。

对于您上面的示例 [Weather].[dbo].[Weather] 表，您最终将得到 3（无坐标）x N（每个坐标的时间序列）。

SELECT s.value, 
    --JSON_VALUE(w.JSONData,'$.geometry.coordinates[1]') AS [latitude],
    --JSON_VALUE(w.JSONData,'$.geometry.coordinates[0]') AS [longitude],
    CAST(JSON_VALUE(s.value, '$.time') AS datetime) AS [time],
    JSON_VALUE(s.value, '$.data.instant.details.air_temperature') as [air_temperature],
    JSON_VALUE(s.value, '$.data.next_1_hours.details.precipitation_amount') as [precipitation_amount_next_1_hour] 
FROM [Weather].[dbo].[Weather] w
    CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(w.JSONData,'$.properties.timeseries') s

【讨论】：