问题是您的字符串中有双引号,这会使解析器感到困惑,因为您还使用双引号将字符串括起来。举例说明:
puts "foo"bar"
# => SyntaxError: unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting end-of-input
# puts "foo"bar"
# ^
您可能打算打印foo"bar,但是当解析器到达第二个"(在foo 之后)时,它认为字符串已经结束,因此后面的内容会导致语法错误。 (Stack Overflow 的语法高亮甚至给了你一个提示——看看第一行 "foo" 与 bar" 的颜色有何不同?一个好的语法高亮文本编辑器会做同样的事情。)
一种解决方案是改用单引号:
puts 'bar"baz'
# => bar"baz
这解决了这种情况下的问题,但实际上并不能帮助你,因为你的字符串里面也有单引号!
另一种解决方案是转义引号,在引号前面加上\,如下所示:
puts "foo\"bar"
# => foo"bar
...但是对于像您这样的长字符串来说,这有点乏味(有时还很棘手)。一个更好的解决方案是使用一种特殊的字符串,称为“heredoc”(对于“here document”,因为它的价值):
str = <<-END_OF_HTML
<html> <meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <body style='margin:20px'> <p>The following user has registered a device, click on the link below to review the user and make any changes if necessary.</p> <ul style='list-style-type:none; margin:25px 15px;'> <li><b>User name:</b> Test User</li> <li><b>User email:</b> test@abc.com</li> <li><b>Identifier:</b> abc123def132afd1213afas</li> <li><b>Description:</b> Tom's iPad</li> <li><b>Model:</b> iPad 3</li> <li><b>Platform:</b> </li> <li><b>App:</b> Test app name</li> <li><b>UserID:</b> </li> </ul> <p>Review user: https://cirrus.app47.com/users?search=test@abc.com</p> <hr style='height=2px; color:#aaa'/> <p>We hope you enjoy the app store experience!</p> <p style='font-size:18px; color:#999'>Powered by App47</p> <img src='https://cirrus.app47.com/notifications/562506219ac25b1033000904/img' alt=''/></body></html>
END_OF_HTML
html_doc = Nokogiri::HTML(str)
分隔符“END_OF_HTML”是任意的。您可以使用EOF 或XYZZY 或任何适合您的东西,尽管使用有意义的东西是个好主意。 (您会注意到 Stack Overflow 的语法高亮在 heredocs 上有点问题;不过,大多数代码编辑器都可以很好地处理它们。)
你可以像这样使它更紧凑:
Nokogiri::HTML <<-END_OF_HTML
<html> <meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <body style='margin:20px'> <p>The following user has registered a device, click on the link below to review the user and make any changes if necessary.</p> <ul style='list-style-type:none; margin:25px 15px;'> <li><b>User name:</b> Test User</li> <li><b>User email:</b> test@abc.com</li> <li><b>Identifier:</b> abc123def132afd1213afas</li> <li><b>Description:</b> Tom's iPad</li> <li><b>Model:</b> iPad 3</li> <li><b>Platform:</b> </li> <li><b>App:</b> Test app name</li> <li><b>UserID:</b> </li> </ul> <p>Review user: https://cirrus.app47.com/users?search=test@abc.com</p> <hr style='height=2px; color:#aaa'/> <p>We hope you enjoy the app store experience!</p> <p style='font-size:18px; color:#999'>Powered by App47</p> <img src='https://cirrus.app47.com/notifications/562506219ac25b1033000904/img' alt=''/></body></html>
END_OF_HTML
或带括号(看起来有点奇怪,但它有效,有时是必要的):
Nokogiri::HTML(<<-END_OF_HTML)
<html> <meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <body style='margin:20px'> <p>The following user has registered a device, click on the link below to review the user and make any changes if necessary.</p> <ul style='list-style-type:none; margin:25px 15px;'> <li><b>User name:</b> Test User</li> <li><b>User email:</b> test@abc.com</li> <li><b>Identifier:</b> abc123def132afd1213afas</li> <li><b>Description:</b> Tom's iPad</li> <li><b>Model:</b> iPad 3</li> <li><b>Platform:</b> </li> <li><b>App:</b> Test app name</li> <li><b>UserID:</b> </li> </ul> <p>Review user: https://cirrus.app47.com/users?search=test@abc.com</p> <hr style='height=2px; color:#aaa'/> <p>We hope you enjoy the app store experience!</p> <p style='font-size:18px; color:#999'>Powered by App47</p> <img src='https://cirrus.app47.com/notifications/562506219ac25b1033000904/img' alt=''/></body></html>
END_OF_HTML
您可以在 Ruby 文档的 Literals 部分阅读更多关于 heredocs 和其他表示字符串的方法。