Javafx - 将当前文本字段中的值保存到外部 txt 文件答案

【问题标题】：Javafx - save value currently in textfield to external txt fileJavafx - 将当前文本字段中的值保存到外部 txt 文件
【发布时间】：2023-03-15 01:04:01
【问题描述】：

我正在为学校创建一个省钱计划，该计划的目标是您希望节省多少，计算您在一周内赚了多少，并根据您的支出和储蓄来编辑您的目标。我目前正在尝试在文本字段中实现该目标，以便在程序关闭时保存在 txt 文件中。但是，无论我如何尝试修复它，我都会得到 NullPointerException 或文本字段的值另存为“null”

下面是主要的（我尝试在stop()方法中保存目标变量

package sample;

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.application.Platform;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import java.io.*;


public class Main extends Application  {

@FXML
public TextField finalGoal;

@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage)throws Exception  {
    File f = new File("Goal.txt");
    boolean bool = false;
    if (f.exists() )
    {
        Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("MainPage.fxml"));
        primaryStage.setTitle("Money Saver Program");
        primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 600, 400));
        primaryStage.show();


    }
    else
    {
        bool = f.createNewFile();
        Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass().getResource("OpeningPage.fxml"));
        primaryStage.setTitle("Money Saver Program");
        primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root, 638, 400));
        primaryStage.show();

    }

    primaryStage.setOnCloseRequest(e -> closeProgram());

}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    launch(args);
}

public void closeProgram(){

    Platform.exit();
}

@Override
public void stop()throws Exception{
    PrintWriter write = new PrintWriter("Goal.txt");
    String end;
    end = finalGoal.getAccessibleText();
    write.write(end);
    write.close();
}
}

这是文本字段所在的fxml的控制器

package sample;

  import javafx.application.Platform;
  import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
  import javafx.fxml.FXML;
  import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
  import javafx.scene.Node;
  import javafx.scene.Parent;
  import javafx.scene.Scene;
  import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
  import javafx.stage.Stage;
  import java.io.*;
  import java.io.FileReader;
  import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;

  public class MainPageController {

@FXML
public TextField finalGoal;

@FXML
private Stage myStage;

//Method that reads the current goal saved in an external textfile.
@PostConstruct
public void initialize() throws Exception{
    //Initialize Reader
    FileReader reader = new FileReader("Goal.txt");
    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(reader);

    //Store goal in the textField
    finalGoal.setText(br.readLine());

    //Close Reader
    reader.close();


}

//Method that handles close request and handles the current scene and controller
@PostConstruct
public void start(Stage stage1)throws Exception{
    myStage = stage1;
    FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader(getClass().getResource("MainPage.fxml"));
    Parent root = loader.load();
    loader.getController();
    loader.load();
    loader.getController();
    stage1.getScene().getWindow();
    myStage.setOnCloseRequest(e -> onEnd());
}

public void openPage1(ActionEvent event) throws Exception {
    FXMLLoader fxmlLoader = new FXMLLoader(getClass().getResource("MandatoryCostCollector.fxml"));
    Parent root = fxmlLoader.load();
    Stage stage = new Stage();
    stage.setScene(new Scene(root));
    stage.setTitle("Money Saver Program");
    stage.show();
    ((Node) event.getSource()).getScene().getWindow().hide();
}

public void openPage2(ActionEvent event) throws Exception {
    FXMLLoader fxmlLoader = new FXMLLoader(getClass().getResource("PayDataCollector.fxml"));
    Parent root = fxmlLoader.load();
    Stage stage = new Stage();
    stage.setScene(new Scene(root));
    stage.setTitle("Money Saver Program");
    stage.show();
    ((Node) event.getSource()).getScene().getWindow().hide();
}

public void resetGoal(ActionEvent event) throws Exception {
    finalGoal.setText("");
}

public void onEnd(){
    Platform.exit();
}

}

这是 fxml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?import javafx.scene.text.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.control.*?>
<?import java.lang.*?>
<?import javafx.scene.layout.*?>

<BorderPane fx:id="BorderPane" maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" minHeight="-Infinity" minWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="400.0" prefWidth="600.0" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/8" xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" fx:controller="sample.MainPageController">
   <top>
  <VBox prefHeight="65.0" prefWidth="600.0" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER">
     <children>
        <TextField alignment="CENTER" editable="false" prefHeight="68.0" prefWidth="600.0" text="Welcome to the Money Saving Program">
           <font>
              <Font name="Arial Rounded MT Bold" size="26.0" />
           </font>
        </TextField>
     </children>
  </VBox>
   </top>
   <left>
  <VBox prefHeight="335.0" prefWidth="159.0" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER">
     <children>
        <Button fx:id="openPage1" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#openPage1" prefHeight="88.0" prefWidth="167.0" text="1. Open Mandatory Cost Collector" wrapText="true">
           <font>
              <Font name="Arial" size="18.0" />
           </font>
        </Button>
        <Button fx:id="openPage2" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#openPage2" prefHeight="60.0" prefWidth="173.0" text="2. Open Pay Data Collector" wrapText="true">
           <font>
              <Font name="Arial" size="18.0" />
           </font>
        </Button>
     </children>
  </VBox>
   </left>
   <right>
  <VBox prefHeight="335.0" prefWidth="166.0" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER">
     <children>
        <TextField fx:id="finalGoal" promptText="\$">
           <font>
              <Font name="Arial" size="40.0" />
           </font>
        </TextField>
        <Button fx:id="resetGoal" contentDisplay="RIGHT" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#resetGoal" prefHeight="33.0" prefWidth="173.0" text="Reset Goal" wrapText="true">
           <font>
              <Font name="Arial" size="18.0" />
           </font>
        </Button>
     </children>
  </VBox>
   </right>
   <bottom>
  <HBox prefHeight="100.0" prefWidth="200.0" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER">
     <children>
        <Button fx:id="generateNewGoal" mnemonicParsing="false" prefHeight="63.0" prefWidth="161.0" text="3. Generate your new goal" translateY="36.0" wrapText="true">
           <font>
              <Font name="Arial" size="18.0" />
           </font>
        </Button>
        <TextField alignment="CENTER" editable="false" prefHeight="75.0" prefWidth="221.0" text="Money saved this week" translateX="38.0" translateY="23.0">
           <font>
              <Font name="Arial" size="18.0" />
           </font>
        </TextField>
        <TextField fx:id="moneySaved" editable="false" prefHeight="75.0" prefWidth="180.0" promptText="\$" translateX="38.0" translateY="23.0">
           <font>
              <Font name="Arial" size="40.0" />
           </font>
        </TextField>
     </children>
  </HBox>
   </bottom>
   <center>
  <VBox prefHeight="200.0" prefWidth="100.0" BorderPane.alignment="CENTER">
     <children>
        <TextField editable="false" maxHeight="-Infinity" maxWidth="-Infinity" prefHeight="68.0" prefWidth="167.0" text="Your current goal" translateX="108.0">
           <font>
              <Font name="Arial" size="18.0" />
           </font>
        </TextField>
     </children>
  </VBox>
   </center>
</BorderPane>

最后是我得到的错误

Exception in Application stop method
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: Exception in  Application stop method
at  com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:922)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication$155(LauncherImpl.java:182)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
at sample.Main.stop(Main.java:59)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication1$163(LauncherImpl.java:882)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runAndWait$175(PlatformImpl.java:326)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$null$173(PlatformImpl.java:295)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.lambda$runLater$174(PlatformImpl.java:294)
at com.sun.glass.ui.InvokeLaterDispatcher$Future.run(InvokeLaterDispatcher.java:95)
at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$null$148(WinApplication.java:191)

问题似乎出在主要代码end = finalGoal.getAccessibleText(); 上。我也试过end = finalGoal.getText(); 但是返回NullPointer我也试过 end = String.valueOf(finalgoal.getText); 并且返回值为“null”

【问题讨论】：

您不能仅将 FXML 注入到应用程序的 FXML 文件 (@FXML public TextField finalGoal;) 的控制器中。变量finalgoal 为空，因为它永远不会被初始化。您可以做些什么来从控制器获取TextField。为此，在您加载 FXML 文件后调用：controller = loader.getController(); 同时将 MainPageController controller; 作为类成员。然后在控制器类中，您可以向TextField 公开一个getter。我也不明白控制器中start 方法的目的（以及为什么要多次加载相同的FXML？）。

标签： java javafx textfield fxml

【解决方案1】：

FXMLLoader 将finalGoal Node 注入控制器类。它没有与您的 Main 类相关的任何信息，也没有在那里注入 Node。

因此，在调用stop 时，仍将默认值分配给fieldGoal 字段。

解决方案

使用FXMLLoader.getController 加载fxml 文件后访问控制器。您可以在控制器类中使用 getter 来访问该值 (=fieldGoal)。或

您还可以使用控制器工厂来注册关闭侦听器并删除一些代码重复（即加载 fxml）。
这允许您将关闭处理程序放置在您的数据所在的位置：

// factory for controllers also allowing to load fxmls and unregistering listeners
public class Factory implements Callback<Class<?>, Object> {

    public Factory(List<InvalidationListener> listeners) {
        this.listeners = listeners;
    }

    private final List<InvalidationListener> listeners;

    @Override
    public Object call(Class<?> param) {
        Object result = null;
        try {
            result = param.newInstance();
        } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(Factory.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
            throw new RuntimeException("Could not create instance of "+param.getName(), ex);
        }

        if (result instanceof ShutdownObserver) {
            InvalidationListener listener = ((ShutdownObserver) result).getObserver();
            if (listener != null) {
                listeners.add(listener);
            }
        }

        if (result instanceof FactoryAccessController) {
            ((FactoryAccessController) result).setFactory(this);
        }

        return result;
    }

    public void removeShutdownListener(InvalidationListener listener) {
        listeners.remove(listener);
    }

    public <T> T loadFXML(URL url) throws IOException {
        if (url == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        }
        FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader(url);
        loader.setControllerFactory(this);
        return loader.load();
    }

}

public interface ShutdownObserver {

    InvalidationListener getObserver();

}

public class FactoryAccessController {

    private Factory factory;

    void setFactory(Factory factory) {
        this.factory = factory;
    }

    public Factory getFactory() {
        return factory;
    }

}

public class MainPageController extends FactoryAccessController implements ShutdownObserver {

    // keep reference to listener in case it should be removed
    private final InvalidationListener listener = o -> {
        // write data from fieldGoal to file
    };

    @Override
    public InvalidationListener getObserver() {
        return listener;
    }
}

private final List<InvalidationListener> shutdownListeners = new ArrayList<>();
private final Factory factory = new Factory(shutdownListeners);

@Override
public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws IOException {
    primaryStage.setTitle("Money Saver Program");
    File f = new File("Goal.txt");
    Scene scene;

    if (f.exists()) {
        Parent root = factory.loadFXML(getClass().getResource("MainPage.fxml"));
        scene = new Scene(root, 600, 400);
    } else {
        boolean bool = f.createNewFile();
        Parent root = factory.loadFXML(getClass().getResource("OpeningPage.fxml"));
        scene = new Scene(root, 638, 400);
    }

    primaryStage.setScene(scene);
    primaryStage.show();
}

@Override
public void stop() throws Exception {
    for (InvalidationListener listener : shutdownListeners) {
        try {
            listener.invalidated(null);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(getClass().getName())
                    .log(Level.WARNING,
                            MessageFormat.format("Shutdown listener {0} yielded exception.", listener),
                            ex);
        }
    }
}

另见Passing Parameters JavaFX FXML

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

您需要从MainPageController 类中获取对finalGoal 变量的引用，而不是在Main 类中定义同名变量。

【讨论】：