运行 heroku rake db:migrate 时遇到问题 rake 中止！错误

Question

我能够推送到 heroku，现在我需要迁移数据库，但我得到了错误 rake 中止！

我运行了命令 heroku rake db:migrate，我的命令行错误是

WARNING: `heroku rake` has been deprecated. Please use `heroku run rake` instead.
Running `rake db:migrate` attached to terminal... up, run.6184
rake aborted!
uninitialized constant MiniTest::Rails
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/minitest-4.7.5/lib/minitest/unit.rb:19:in `const_missing'
/app/Rakefile:9:in `<top (required)>'
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

然后我运行命令

Running `rake db:migrate` attached to terminal... up, run.8495
rake aborted!
uninitialized constant MiniTest::Rails
/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.0.0/gems/minitest-4.7.5/lib/minitest/unit.rb:19:in `const_missing'
/app/Rakefile:9:in `<top (required)>'
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

这是我的 Rakefile 的副本

#!/usr/bin/env rake
# Add your own tasks in files placed in lib/tasks ending in .rake,
# for example lib/tasks/capistrano.rake, and they will automatically be available to Rake.

require File.expand_path('../config/application', __FILE__)
require 'rake/dsl_definition'
require 'rake'

Portfolio::Application.load_tasks

MiniTest::Rails::Testing.default_tasks << "features"

这也是我的 Gemfile 的副本

 group :development, :test do
      gem "minitest-rails"
      gem 'sqlite3'
    end

    group :production do
      gem 'pg'
      gem 'rails_12factor'
    end




    group :test do
      gem "minitest-rails-capybara"
    end

    # Gems used only for assets and not required
    # in production environments by default.
    group :assets do
      gem 'sass-rails',   '~> 3.2.3'
      gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 3.2.1'

      # See https://github.com/sstephenson/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
      # gem 'therubyracer', :platforms => :ruby

      gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.0.3'
    end

    gem 'jquery-rails'

    # To use ActiveModel has_secure_password
    # gem 'bcrypt-ruby', '~> 3.0.0'

    # To use Jbuilder templates for JSON
    # gem 'jbuilder'

    # Use unicorn as the app server
    # gem 'unicorn'

    # Deploy with Capistrano
    # gem 'capistrano'

    # To use debugger
    # gem 'debugger'

有人确定我的问题是什么以及为什么我不能为 heroku 迁移吗？

Answer 1

您的 gemfile 在 :test 组中只有 minitest，这很好，但是您的 rake 文件尝试使用 MiniTest 类。试试这个：

if Rails.env == "test"
  MiniTest::Rails::Testing.default_tasks << "features"
end

Answer 2

原因如下：uninitialized constant MiniTest::Rails

您只为开发和测试环境指定了 minitest-rails。默认情况下，heroku 在生产环境中运行应用程序，并且您没有用于 prod 的 minitest-rails。

以及一个只为测试运行测试任务的条件：

MiniTest::Rails::Testing.default_tasks

Answer 3

jeanaux 和 rb512 绝对是在正确的轨道上，谢谢！

Heroku 使用 Rakefile，您不能引用 MiniTest:Rails 模块，因为该 gem 仅包含在 Gemfile 的测试和开发组中

我必须做的是检查测试和开发环境，让 Rake 再次工作。

if (Rails.env == "test" || Rails.env == "development")
  MiniTest::Rails::Testing.default_tasks << "features"
end