PHP Ajax 串口字符串命令

【问题标题】：PHP Ajax Serial Port String CommandPHP Ajax 串口字符串命令
【发布时间】：2014-01-22 14:51:35
【问题描述】：

我是 PHP 和 AJAX 的新手，过去几周一直在学习一些基础知识。在此过程中，我在这个网站上使用了很多帖子寻求帮助，当我遇到当前问题时，我认为这是一个很好的起点。

我正在尝试将十六进制命令字符串传递给 PHP，以便使用我设备的串行端口进行输出。我看到的问题是我出于某种原因传递给 PHP 的字符串在它的中间添加了一个十六进制字符。起初我认为这与串行端口中定义的特殊字符有关，但是当我在 PHP 代码中定义字符串时，我没有得到同样的错误。我还注意到，在我的字符串中包含 \xA# 的任何字符之前添加了附加字符，其中 # 可以是 0-9 之间的任何数字。

基本上，我正在尝试使用 ajax 将十六进制命令字符串 \x55\x05\xA0\x05\x05 发送到 php，以便在串行端口上输出。当我执行命令时，我在串行端口上看到以下内容。 U0x050xc20xa0x050x05 在某个地方，“0xc2”被添加到串行输出中。如前所述，它似乎与 \xAO 有关，因为当我用 \x04 替换它时，使字符串 \x55\x05\x04\x05\x05 我得到正确的输出 u0x050x040x050x05。当我使用 \A1 时也会出现此问题，我也会收到相同的错误。

当我在 PHP 文件中定义字符串时，我得到正确的输出 U0x050xa0x050x05

知道是什么原因造成的吗？我是否应该将十六进制命令作为数组而不是字符串发送，并通过串行端口一次放置一个？

这是我的 javascript 和 ajax 调用代码。基本上，当我按下按钮时，我想将特定的十六进制命令字符串发送到 PHP 函数并通过串口输出。

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <title>Button Test</title>

    <!-- CSS for presentation. -->
    <style>
    h1 { font-size: 20px; color: red; }
    button { color: black; }
    </style>
<script src="jquery.js">
</script>
<script>
function sercmd( stringcmd )
{
//Calling ajax and including the serial command to be sent out the serial port
//$.ajax({url: "sendserial.php", type: "POST", data: {serstr: stringcmd}, dataType: "json"});
$.ajax({
    url: "sendserial.php",
    type: "POST",
    data: {serstr: stringcmd},
    success: function ( resp ){
        if ( resp == 'true'){
            $( '.response' ).text( resp );
        } else {
            $( '.response' ).text( 'failure' );
        }
    }
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body>

    <h1>Test Page for MZC Control</h1>


    <button onclick="sercmd('\x55\x05\xA0\x05\x05') ">Zone 3 Power On</button>
    <button onclick="sercmd('\x55\x04\xA1\x02\x04') ">Zone 3 Power Off</button>
    <button onclick="sercmd('\x55\x05\xA3\x02\x00\x01') ">Zone 3 Source 1</button>
    <button onclick="sercmd('\x55\x05\xA3\x02\x01\x00') ">Zone 3 Source 2</button>


    <p> Control The Zones using the commands above. </p>   
<div class="response"></div>

</body>
</html>

这是 AJAX 调用的 PHP 页面中的代码

<?php
error_reporting(E_ALL);
ini_set('display_errors', '1');
include "php_serial.class.php";

$str = $_POST['serstr'];

//$str = '\x55\x04\xA0\x02\x05';

//$str = pack("H*",$str);

$serial = new phpSerial;
$serial->deviceSet("/dev/ttyUSB0");
$serial->confBaudRate(57600);
$serial->confParity("none");
$serial->confCharacterLength(8);
$serial->confStopBits(1);
$serial->confFlowControl("none");

$serial->deviceOpen();

$serial->sendMessage($str);

//$serial->sendMessage("\x55");

//$read = $serial->readPort();

$serial->deviceClose();

echo $str;
//echo "true";
//echo $read;
?>

以防万一有人对这里感兴趣的是我正在使用的 php 串行类的代码。我发现这个论坛的其他人正在使用它。

<?php
define ("SERIAL_DEVICE_NOTSET", 0);
define ("SERIAL_DEVICE_SET", 1);
define ("SERIAL_DEVICE_OPENED", 2);

/**
 * Serial port control class
 *
 * THIS PROGRAM COMES WITH ABSOLUTELY NO WARANTIES !
 * USE IT AT YOUR OWN RISKS !
 *
 * @author Rémy Sanchez <thenux@gmail.com>
 * @thanks Aurélien Derouineau for finding how to open serial ports with windows
 * @thanks Alec Avedisyan for help and testing with reading
 * @copyright under GPL 2 licence
 */
class phpSerial
{
    var $_device = null;
    var $_windevice = null;
    var $_dHandle = null;
    var $_dState = SERIAL_DEVICE_NOTSET;
    var $_buffer = "";
    var $_os = "";

    /**
     * This var says if buffer should be flushed by sendMessage (true) or manualy (false)
     *
     * @var bool
     */
    var $autoflush = true;

    /**
     * Constructor. Perform some checks about the OS and setserial
     *
     * @return phpSerial
     */
    function phpSerial ()
    {
        setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US");

        $sysname = php_uname();

        if (substr($sysname, 0, 5) === "Linux")
        {
            $this->_os = "linux";

            if($this->_exec("stty --version") === 0)
            {
                register_shutdown_function(array($this, "deviceClose"));
            }
            else
            {
                trigger_error("No stty availible, unable to run.", E_USER_ERROR);
            }
        }
        elseif(substr($sysname, 0, 7) === "Windows")
        {
            $this->_os = "windows";
            register_shutdown_function(array($this, "deviceClose"));
        }
        else
        {
            trigger_error("Host OS is neither linux nor windows, unable tu run.", E_USER_ERROR);
            exit();
        }
    }

    //
    // OPEN/CLOSE DEVICE SECTION -- {START}
    //

    /**
     * Device set function : used to set the device name/address.
     * -> linux : use the device address, like /dev/ttyS0
     * -> windows : use the COMxx device name, like COM1 (can also be used
     *     with linux)
     *
     * @param string $device the name of the device to be used
     * @return bool
     */
    function deviceSet ($device)
    {
        if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_OPENED)
        {
            if ($this->_os === "linux")
            {
                if (preg_match("@^COM(\d+):?$@i", $device, $matches))
                {
                    $device = "/dev/ttyS" . ($matches[1] - 1);
                }

                if ($this->_exec("stty -F " . $device) === 0)
                {
                    $this->_device = $device;
                    $this->_dState = SERIAL_DEVICE_SET;
                    return true;
                }
            }
            elseif ($this->_os === "windows")
            {
                if (preg_match("@^COM(\d+):?$@i", $device, $matches) and $this->_exec(exec("mode " . $device)) === 0)
                {
                    $this->_windevice = "COM" . $matches[1];
                    $this->_device = "\\.\com" . $matches[1];
                    $this->_dState = SERIAL_DEVICE_SET;
                    return true;
                }
            }

            trigger_error("Specified serial port is not valid", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }
        else
        {
            trigger_error("You must close your device before to set an other one", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Opens the device for reading and/or writing.
     *
     * @param string $mode Opening mode : same parameter as fopen()
     * @return bool
     */
    function deviceOpen ($mode = "r+b")
    {
        if ($this->_dState === SERIAL_DEVICE_OPENED)
        {
            trigger_error("The device is already opened", E_USER_NOTICE);
            return true;
        }

        if ($this->_dState === SERIAL_DEVICE_NOTSET)
        {
            trigger_error("The device must be set before to be open", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }

        if (!preg_match("@^[raw]\+?b?$@", $mode))
        {
            trigger_error("Invalid opening mode : ".$mode.". Use fopen() modes.", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }

        $this->_dHandle = @fopen($this->_device, $mode);

        if ($this->_dHandle !== false)
        {
            stream_set_blocking($this->_dHandle, 0);
            $this->_dState = SERIAL_DEVICE_OPENED;
            return true;
        }

        $this->_dHandle = null;
        trigger_error("Unable to open the device", E_USER_WARNING);
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Closes the device
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    function deviceClose ()
    {
        if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_OPENED)
        {
            return true;
        }

        if (fclose($this->_dHandle))
        {
            $this->_dHandle = null;
            $this->_dState = SERIAL_DEVICE_SET;
            return true;
        }

        trigger_error("Unable to close the device", E_USER_ERROR);
        return false;
    }

    //
    // OPEN/CLOSE DEVICE SECTION -- {STOP}
    //

    //
    // CONFIGURE SECTION -- {START}
    //

    /**
     * Configure the Baud Rate
     * Possible rates : 110, 150, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 38400,
     * 57600 and 115200.
     *
     * @param int $rate the rate to set the port in
     * @return bool
     */
    function confBaudRate ($rate)
    {
        if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_SET)
        {
            trigger_error("Unable to set the baud rate : the device is either not set or opened", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }

        $validBauds = array (
            110    => 11,
            150    => 15,
            300    => 30,
            600    => 60,
            1200   => 12,
            2400   => 24,
            4800   => 48,
            9600   => 96,
            19200  => 19,
            38400  => 38400,
            57600  => 57600,
            115200 => 115200
        );

        if (isset($validBauds[$rate]))
        {
            if ($this->_os === "linux")
            {
                $ret = $this->_exec("stty -F " . $this->_device . " " . (int) $rate, $out);
            }
            elseif ($this->_os === "windows")
            {
                $ret = $this->_exec("mode " . $this->_windevice . " BAUD=" . $validBauds[$rate], $out);
            }
            else return false;

            if ($ret !== 0)
            {
                trigger_error ("Unable to set baud rate: " . $out[1], E_USER_WARNING);
                return false;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Configure parity.
     * Modes : odd, even, none
     *
     * @param string $parity one of the modes
     * @return bool
     */
    function confParity ($parity)
    {
        if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_SET)
        {
            trigger_error("Unable to set parity : the device is either not set or opened", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }

        $args = array(
            "none" => "-parenb",
            "odd"  => "parenb parodd",
            "even" => "parenb -parodd",
        );

        if (!isset($args[$parity]))
        {
            trigger_error("Parity mode not supported", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }

        if ($this->_os === "linux")
        {
            $ret = $this->_exec("stty -F " . $this->_device . " " . $args[$parity], $out);
        }
        else
        {
            $ret = $this->_exec("mode " . $this->_windevice . " PARITY=" . $parity{0}, $out);
        }

        if ($ret === 0)
        {
            return true;
        }

        trigger_error("Unable to set parity : " . $out[1], E_USER_WARNING);
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the length of a character.
     *
     * @param int $int length of a character (5 <= length <= 8)
     * @return bool
     */
    function confCharacterLength ($int)
    {
        if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_SET)
        {
            trigger_error("Unable to set length of a character : the device is either not set or opened", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }

        $int = (int) $int;
        if ($int < 5) $int = 5;
        elseif ($int > 8) $int = 8;

        if ($this->_os === "linux")
        {
            $ret = $this->_exec("stty -F " . $this->_device . " cs" . $int, $out);
        }
        else
        {
            $ret = $this->_exec("mode " . $this->_windevice . " DATA=" . $int, $out);
        }

        if ($ret === 0)
        {
            return true;
        }

        trigger_error("Unable to set character length : " .$out[1], E_USER_WARNING);
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the length of stop bits.
     *
     * @param float $length the length of a stop bit. It must be either 1,
     * 1.5 or 2. 1.5 is not supported under linux and on some computers.
     * @return bool
     */
    function confStopBits ($length)
    {
        if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_SET)
        {
            trigger_error("Unable to set the length of a stop bit : the device is either not set or opened", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }

        if ($length != 1 and $length != 2 and $length != 1.5 and !($length == 1.5 and $this->_os === "linux"))
        {
            trigger_error("Specified stop bit length is invalid", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }

        if ($this->_os === "linux")
        {
            $ret = $this->_exec("stty -F " . $this->_device . " " . (($length == 1) ? "-" : "") . "cstopb", $out);
        }
        else
        {
            $ret = $this->_exec("mode " . $this->_windevice . " STOP=" . $length, $out);
        }

        if ($ret === 0)
        {
            return true;
        }

        trigger_error("Unable to set stop bit length : " . $out[1], E_USER_WARNING);
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Configures the flow control
     *
     * @param string $mode Set the flow control mode. Availible modes :
     *  -> "none" : no flow control
     *  -> "rts/cts" : use RTS/CTS handshaking
     *  -> "xon/xoff" : use XON/XOFF protocol
     * @return bool
     */
    function confFlowControl ($mode)
    {
        if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_SET)
        {
            trigger_error("Unable to set flow control mode : the device is either not set or opened", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }

        $linuxModes = array(
            "none"     => "clocal -crtscts -ixon -ixoff",
            "rts/cts"  => "-clocal crtscts -ixon -ixoff",
            "xon/xoff" => "-clocal -crtscts ixon ixoff"
        );
        $windowsModes = array(
            "none"     => "xon=off octs=off rts=on",
            "rts/cts"  => "xon=off octs=on rts=hs",
            "xon/xoff" => "xon=on octs=off rts=on",
        );

        if ($mode !== "none" and $mode !== "rts/cts" and $mode !== "xon/xoff") {
            trigger_error("Invalid flow control mode specified", E_USER_ERROR);
            return false;
        }

        if ($this->_os === "linux")
            $ret = $this->_exec("stty -F " . $this->_device . " " . $linuxModes[$mode], $out);
        else
            $ret = $this->_exec("mode " . $this->_windevice . " " . $windowsModes[$mode], $out);

        if ($ret === 0) return true;
        else {
            trigger_error("Unable to set flow control : " . $out[1], E_USER_ERROR);
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Sets a setserial parameter (cf man setserial)
     * NO MORE USEFUL !
     *  -> No longer supported
     *  -> Only use it if you need it
     *
     * @param string $param parameter name
     * @param string $arg parameter value
     * @return bool
     */
    function setSetserialFlag ($param, $arg = "")
    {
        if (!$this->_ckOpened()) return false;

        $return = exec ("setserial " . $this->_device . " " . $param . " " . $arg . " 2>&1");

        if ($return{0} === "I")
        {
            trigger_error("setserial: Invalid flag", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }
        elseif ($return{0} === "/")
        {
            trigger_error("setserial: Error with device file", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }
        else
        {
            return true;
        }
    }

    //
    // CONFIGURE SECTION -- {STOP}
    //

    //
    // I/O SECTION -- {START}
    //

    /**
     * Sends a string to the device
     *
     * @param string $str string to be sent to the device
     * @param float $waitForReply time to wait for the reply (in seconds)
     */
    function sendMessage ($str, $waitForReply = 0.1)
    {
        $this->_buffer .= $str;

        if ($this->autoflush === true) $this->flush();

        usleep((int) ($waitForReply * 1000000));
    }

    /**
     * Reads the port until no new datas are availible, then return the content.
     *
     * @pararm int $count number of characters to be read (will stop before
     *  if less characters are in the buffer)
     * @return string
     */
    function readPort ($count = 0)
    {
        if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_OPENED)
        {
            trigger_error("Device must be opened to read it", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }

        if ($this->_os === "linux")
        {
            $content = ""; $i = 0;

            if ($count !== 0)
            {
                do {
                    if ($i > $count) $content .= fread($this->_dHandle, ($count - $i));
                    else $content .= fread($this->_dHandle, 128);
                } while (($i += 128) === strlen($content));
            }
            else
            {
                do {
                    $content .= fread($this->_dHandle, 128);
                } while (($i += 128) === strlen($content));
            }

            return $content;
        }
        elseif ($this->_os === "windows")
        {
            /* Do nohting : not implented yet */
        }

        trigger_error("Reading serial port is not implemented for Windows", E_USER_WARNING);
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Flushes the output buffer
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    function flush ()
    {
        if (!$this->_ckOpened()) return false;

        if (fwrite($this->_dHandle, $this->_buffer) !== false)
        {
            $this->_buffer = "";
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            $this->_buffer = "";
            trigger_error("Error while sending message", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }
    }

    //
    // I/O SECTION -- {STOP}
    //

    //
    // INTERNAL TOOLKIT -- {START}
    //

    function _ckOpened()
    {
        if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_OPENED)
        {
            trigger_error("Device must be opened", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    function _ckClosed()
    {
        if ($this->_dState !== SERIAL_DEVICE_CLOSED)
        {
            trigger_error("Device must be closed", E_USER_WARNING);
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    function _exec($cmd, &$out = null)
    {
        $desc = array(
            1 => array("pipe", "w"),
            2 => array("pipe", "w")
        );

        $proc = proc_open($cmd, $desc, $pipes);

        $ret = stream_get_contents($pipes[1]);
        $err = stream_get_contents($pipes[2]);

        fclose($pipes[1]);
        fclose($pipes[2]);

        $retVal = proc_close($proc);

        if (func_num_args() == 2) $out = array($ret, $err);
        return $retVal;
    }

    //
    // INTERNAL TOOLKIT -- {STOP}
    //
}
?>

【问题讨论】：

  • $serial-&gt;confCharacterLength(8); 也许？您的输入字符串比 8 长，因此它会截断它并有效地将其作为 2 个命令发送到一个打开的端口，以便将其放入字符串中的标题/间距。

标签： javascript php ajax serial-port hex


【解决方案1】：

可能的解决方案

十六进制转字符串，字符串转十六进制

将十六进制转换为字符串，然后发送。然后，回到十六进制。

使用此功能：

<?php
function strToHex($string){
    $hex = '';
    for ($i=0; $i<strlen($string); $i++){
        $ord = ord($string[$i]);
        $hexCode = dechex($ord);
        $hex .= substr('0'.$hexCode, -2);
    }
    return strToUpper($hex);
}
function hexToStr($hex){
    $string='';
    for ($i=0; $i < strlen($hex)-1; $i+=2){
        $string .= chr(hexdec($hex[$i].$hex[$i+1]));
    }
    return $string;
}

页面字符集

检查您的主要和次要页面的字符集

参考

【讨论】：

  • 我按照你的建议做了，并将我想要发送的十六进制命令字符串转换为十进制等效值，并使用 ajax 调用将其发送到 PHP。在 PHP 中，我将 dec 字符串转换为十六进制字符串并发送结果，它可以按需要工作。如果我不必为要发送的每个命令都进行此转换，但至少它可以工作，那会容易得多。我想你也可能会检查字符集。听起来我原来的问题可能是编码不匹配的结果。感谢您的意见。
  • @user3223822 很高兴为您提供帮助。可能的问题是编码或标题类型（纯文本或 utf-8），您需要尝试检查每一页。提示：尝试将字符集设置为 UTF-8，并发送不带转换的命令... 下次尝试转换为 ISO-8859-1 或纯文本。如果有差异......完成！
  • @user3223822 如果这是您的预期答案，请不要忘记将我的答案标记为已解决。
  • 这绝对是一个编码问题，并且与 UTF-8 有关。根据对 x7F 以上的十六进制值的一些读数，UTF-8 需要两个字节来对它们进行编码，并将“xC2”作为第一个字节。我已在我的 javascript/ajax 页面中将编码定义为 UTF-8，但尚未在从 AJAX 调用读取字符串的 PHP 中明确定义它。您是否认为它就像在使用 mb_internal_encoding("UTF-8"); 将字符串读取为 UTF-8 的 PHP 上定义编码一样简单？或者您会建议更改字符串来源的页面上的编码吗？
  • @user3223822 我建议您使用相同的编码进行所有操作，换句话说：将所有文件的字符集更改为 UTF-8。
【解决方案2】： 
// i try this code and it works well with me
 <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
    <?PHP
     exec("mode COM6: BAUD=9600 PARITY=n DATA=8 STOP=1 to=off dtr=off rts=off");
     echo ord(97);
     $fp =fopen("COM6", "r+");
     fwrite($fp,'b');
     fclose($fp);
   ?>

【讨论】：

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