【发布时间】：2015-09-16 08:28:59
【问题描述】：
我正在尝试为 Android 应用运行 Espresso 测试。它在硬件设备上运行良好。当我在新创建的 AVD 模拟器 上运行它时，它失败，如下所示：
:ExampleApp:connectedDebugAndroidTest
com.example.MainFragmentTest > initializationError[Nexus_5_API_19(AVD) - 4.4.2]
FAILED
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/example/MainActivity
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields(Native Method)
:ExampleApp:connectedDebugAndroidTest FAILED
FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':ExampleApp:connectedDebugAndroidTest'.
> There were failing tests. See the report at:
file:///home/user/work/ExampleApp/build/reports/androidTests/connected/index.html
HTML 报告包含以下堆栈跟踪：
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/example/MainActivity
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields(Class.java:610)
at org.junit.runners.model.TestClass.getSortedDeclaredFields(TestClass.java:77)
at org.junit.runners.model.TestClass.scanAnnotatedMembers(TestClass.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.model.TestClass.<init>(TestClass.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.createTestClass(ParentRunner.java:88)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.<init>(ParentRunner.java:83)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:65)
at android.support.test.internal.runner.junit4.AndroidJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(AndroidJUnit4ClassRunner.java:38)
at android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4.<init>(AndroidJUnit4.java:36)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at android.support.test.internal.runner.junit4.AndroidAnnotatedBuilder.buildAndroidRunner(AndroidAnnotatedBuilder.java:57)
at android.support.test.internal.runner.junit4.AndroidAnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AndroidAnnotatedBuilder.java:45)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26)
at org.junit.runner.Computer.getRunner(Computer.java:40)
at org.junit.runner.Computer$1.runnerForClass(Computer.java:31)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.runners(RunnerBuilder.java:101)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.runners(RunnerBuilder.java:87)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.<init>(Suite.java:81)
at org.junit.runner.Computer.getSuite(Computer.java:28)
at android.support.test.internal.runner.TestRequestBuilder.classes(TestRequestBuilder.java:701)
at android.support.test.internal.runner.TestRequestBuilder.build(TestRequestBuilder.java:664)
at android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.buildRequest(AndroidJUnitRunner.java:329)
at android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.onStart(AndroidJUnitRunner.java:226)
at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:1701)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: Didn't find class
"com.example.MainActivity" on path: DexPathList[[zip file
"/system/framework/android.test.runner.jar", zip file
"/data/app/com.example.debug.test-1.apk", zip file
"/data/app/com.example.debug-1.apk"],
nativeLibraryDirectories=[/data/app-lib/com.example.debug.test-1,
/data/app-lib/com.example.debug-1, /vendor/lib, /system/lib]]
at dalvik.system.BaseDexClassLoader.findClass(BaseDexClassLoader.java:56)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:497)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:457)
... 28 more
我基本上遵循espresso/BasicSample/ChangeTextBehaviorTest.java 中的结构。此测试在模拟器上有效！
对于我的测试，当我只使用以下代码时，我可以归结为运行测试已经失败：
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class MainFragmentTest {
@Rule
public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mActivityRule =
new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);
}
这是完整的测试类：
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;
import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
import com.example.R;
import static android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static android.support.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withText;
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class MainFragmentTest {
@Rule
public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mActivityRule =
new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);
MainActivity mMainActivity;
MainFragment mMainFragment;
@Before
public void setUp() {
mMainActivity = mActivityRule.getActivity();
mMainFragment = (MainFragment) mMainActivity
.getSupportFragmentManager()
.findFragmentByTag(MainFragment.FRAGMENT_TAG);
}
@Test
public void testHeadline() {
onView(withId(R.id.headline)).check(matches(withText(R.string.headline)));
}
}
我目前正在使用以下工具链：
- com.android.tools.build:gradle:1.4.0-beta2
- buildToolsVersion "23.0.1"
- 编译SdkVersion 22
- targetSdkVersion 22
- Gradle 包装器 2.5
- java版本“1.7.0_79”OpenJDK
【问题讨论】：
标签： android android-emulator android-testing android-espresso avd