Swing UI 布局分析

Question

我正在扩展一个具有 Java Swing GUI 的应用程序。我已经扩展了业务逻辑并添加了所需的功能，但现在我想改进 UI。我以前从未使用过 swing，而且代码一点也不容易阅读。

有什么方法可以在应用程序运行时分析/识别 UI 组件？我使用 IntelliJ 作为 IDE。

Answer 1

在程序运行时按 CTRL+SHIFT+F1 以查看 Swing 容器层次结构的转储。将其与 here 或 here 提到的列表进行比较。

Answer 2

这个方法：

public static void showStructure(Container container, int depth) {
    Component[] components = container.getComponents();
    StringBuilder indent = new StringBuilder();
    for (int ii = 0; ii < depth; ii++) {
        indent.append("\t");
    }
    for (int ii = 0; ii < components.length; ii++) {
        System.out.print(indent);
        Component component = components[ii];
        System.out.print(component.getClass().getSimpleName() + "\t");
        if (component instanceof Container) {
            Container c = (Container) component;
            System.out.println(c);
            showStructure(c, depth+1);
        }
    }
}

用于this GUI:

生产：

JRootPane   javax.swing.JRootPane[,8,30,633x454,layout=javax.swing.JRootPane$RootLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=16777673,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=]
    JPanel  javax.swing.JPanel[null.glassPane,0,0,633x454,hidden,layout=java.awt.FlowLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=16777217,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=]
    JLayeredPane    javax.swing.JLayeredPane[null.layeredPane,0,0,633x454,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=0,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,optimizedDrawingPossible=true]
        JPanel  javax.swing.JPanel[,0,0,633x454,layout=java.awt.BorderLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=javax.swing.border.TitledBorder@eba654,flags=9,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=]
            JPanel  javax.swing.JPanel[,5,18,623x54,layout=java.awt.FlowLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=javax.swing.border.TitledBorder@b30485,flags=9,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=]
                JComboBox   javax.swing.JComboBox[,338,21,126x25,layout=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalComboBoxUI$MetalComboBoxLayoutManager,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=328,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,isEditable=false,lightWeightPopupEnabled=true,maximumRowCount=8,selectedItemReminder=Metal]
                    MetalComboBoxButton javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalComboBoxButton[,106,0,20x25,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@f62048,flags=12583208,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=java.awt.Insets[top=0,left=1,bottom=1,right=3],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=false,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=,defaultCapable=true]
                    CellRendererPane    javax.swing.CellRendererPane[,0,0,0x0,hidden]
                JCheckBox   javax.swing.JCheckBox[,467,21,148x24,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@628370,flags=296,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=2,bottom=2,right=2],paintBorder=false,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=Pack on PLAF change]
            JPanel  javax.swing.JPanel[,5,77,148x372,layout=java.awt.BorderLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=javax.swing.border.TitledBorder@1d8582e,flags=9,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=]
                JButton javax.swing.JButton[,5,18,138x26,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@f62048,flags=296,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=14,bottom=2,right=14],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=Add Another Label,defaultCapable=true]
                JScrollPane javax.swing.JScrollPane[,5,48,138x319,layout=javax.swing.ScrollPaneLayout$UIResource,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalBorders$ScrollPaneBorder@1fbebfc,flags=328,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,columnHeader=,horizontalScrollBar=javax.swing.JScrollPane$ScrollBar[,0,0,0x0,hidden,layout=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollBarUI,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=4194632,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,blockIncrement=10,orientation=HORIZONTAL,unitIncrement=1],horizontalScrollBarPolicy=HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED,lowerLeft=,lowerRight=,rowHeader=,upperLeft=,upperRight=,verticalScrollBar=javax.swing.JScrollPane$ScrollBar[,0,0,0x0,hidden,layout=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollBarUI,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=4194632,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,blockIncrement=10,orientation=VERTICAL,unitIncrement=1],verticalScrollBarPolicy=VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED,viewport=javax.swing.JViewport[,1,1,135x316,layout=javax.swing.ViewportLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=25165832,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,isViewSizeSet=true,lastPaintPosition=,scrollUnderway=false],viewportBorder=]
                    JViewport   javax.swing.JViewport[,1,1,135x316,layout=javax.swing.ViewportLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=25165832,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,isViewSizeSet=true,lastPaintPosition=,scrollUnderway=false]
                        JPanel  javax.swing.JPanel[,0,0,135x316,layout=java.awt.GridLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=javax.swing.border.TitledBorder@32612b,flags=9,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=]
                    ScrollBar   javax.swing.JScrollPane$ScrollBar[,0,0,0x0,hidden,layout=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollBarUI,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=4194632,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,blockIncrement=10,orientation=VERTICAL,unitIncrement=1]
                        MetalScrollButton   javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton[,0,0,0x0,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@f62048,flags=4194600,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=14,bottom=2,right=14],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=,defaultCapable=true]
                        MetalScrollButton   javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton[,0,0,0x0,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@f62048,flags=4194600,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=14,bottom=2,right=14],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=,defaultCapable=true]
                    ScrollBar   javax.swing.JScrollPane$ScrollBar[,0,0,0x0,hidden,layout=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollBarUI,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=4194632,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,blockIncrement=10,orientation=HORIZONTAL,unitIncrement=1]
                        MetalScrollButton   javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton[,0,0,0x0,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@f62048,flags=4194600,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=14,bottom=2,right=14],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=,defaultCapable=true]
                        MetalScrollButton   javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton[,0,0,0x0,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@f62048,flags=4194600,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=14,bottom=2,right=14],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=,defaultCapable=true]
            JSplitPane  javax.swing.JSplitPane[,158,77,470x372,layout=javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicSplitPaneUI$BasicHorizontalLayoutManager,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicBorders$SplitPaneBorder@7f021e,flags=201326920,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,continuousLayout=false,dividerSize=10,lastDividerLocation=0,oneTouchExpandable=false,orientation=VERTICAL_SPLIT]
                JScrollPane javax.swing.JScrollPane[,1,1,468x134,layout=javax.swing.ScrollPaneLayout$UIResource,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalBorders$ScrollPaneBorder@1e72cd7,flags=328,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=java.awt.Dimension[width=468,height=134],columnHeader=javax.swing.JViewport[,1,1,450x20,layout=javax.swing.ViewportLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=25165832,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,isViewSizeSet=true,lastPaintPosition=,scrollUnderway=false],horizontalScrollBar=javax.swing.JScrollPane$ScrollBar[,0,0,0x0,hidden,layout=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollBarUI,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=4194632,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,blockIncrement=10,orientation=HORIZONTAL,unitIncrement=1],horizontalScrollBarPolicy=HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED,lowerLeft=,lowerRight=,rowHeader=,upperLeft=,upperRight=,verticalScrollBar=javax.swing.JScrollPane$ScrollBar[,451,21,15x111,layout=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollBarUI,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=4194632,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,blockIncrement=10,orientation=VERTICAL,unitIncrement=1],verticalScrollBarPolicy=VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED,viewport=javax.swing.JViewport[,1,21,450x111,layout=javax.swing.ViewportLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=25165832,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,isViewSizeSet=true,lastPaintPosition=,scrollUnderway=false],viewportBorder=]
                    JViewport   javax.swing.JViewport[,1,21,450x111,layout=javax.swing.ViewportLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=25165832,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,isViewSizeSet=true,lastPaintPosition=,scrollUnderway=false]
                        JTable  javax.swing.JTable[,0,0,450x896,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=251658568,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,autoCreateColumnsFromModel=true,autoResizeMode=AUTO_RESIZE_SUBSEQUENT_COLUMNS,cellSelectionEnabled=false,editingColumn=-1,editingRow=-1,gridColor=javax.swing.plaf.ColorUIResource[r=122,g=138,b=153],preferredViewportSize=java.awt.Dimension[width=450,height=400],rowHeight=16,rowMargin=1,rowSelectionAllowed=true,selectionBackground=javax.swing.plaf.ColorUIResource[r=184,g=207,b=229],selectionForeground=sun.swing.PrintColorUIResource[r=51,g=51,b=51],showHorizontalLines=true,showVerticalLines=true]
                            CellRendererPane    javax.swing.CellRendererPane[,0,0,0x0,hidden]
                    ScrollBar   javax.swing.JScrollPane$ScrollBar[,451,21,15x111,layout=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollBarUI,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=4194632,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,blockIncrement=10,orientation=VERTICAL,unitIncrement=1]
                        MetalScrollButton   javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton[,0,96,15x15,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@f62048,flags=4194600,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=14,bottom=2,right=14],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=,defaultCapable=true]
                        MetalScrollButton   javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton[,0,0,15x15,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@f62048,flags=4194600,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=14,bottom=2,right=14],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=,defaultCapable=true]
                    ScrollBar   javax.swing.JScrollPane$ScrollBar[,0,0,0x0,hidden,layout=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollBarUI,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=4194632,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,blockIncrement=10,orientation=HORIZONTAL,unitIncrement=1]
                        MetalScrollButton   javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton[,0,0,0x0,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@f62048,flags=4194600,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=14,bottom=2,right=14],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=,defaultCapable=true]
                        MetalScrollButton   javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton[,0,0,0x0,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@f62048,flags=4194600,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=14,bottom=2,right=14],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=,defaultCapable=true]
                    JViewport   javax.swing.JViewport[,1,1,450x20,layout=javax.swing.ViewportLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=25165832,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,isViewSizeSet=true,lastPaintPosition=,scrollUnderway=false]
                        JTableHeader    javax.swing.table.JTableHeader[,0,0,450x20,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=16777544,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,draggedDistance=0,reorderingAllowed=true,resizingAllowed=true,updateTableInRealTime=true]
                            CellRendererPane    javax.swing.CellRendererPane[,0,0,0x0,hidden]
                JScrollPane javax.swing.JScrollPane[,1,145,468x226,layout=javax.swing.ScrollPaneLayout$UIResource,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalBorders$ScrollPaneBorder@1fbebfc,flags=328,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,columnHeader=,horizontalScrollBar=javax.swing.JScrollPane$ScrollBar[,0,0,0x0,hidden,layout=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollBarUI,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=4194632,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,blockIncrement=10,orientation=HORIZONTAL,unitIncrement=1],horizontalScrollBarPolicy=HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED,lowerLeft=,lowerRight=,rowHeader=,upperLeft=,upperRight=,verticalScrollBar=javax.swing.JScrollPane$ScrollBar[,0,0,0x0,hidden,layout=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollBarUI,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=4194632,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,blockIncrement=10,orientation=VERTICAL,unitIncrement=1],verticalScrollBarPolicy=VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED,viewport=javax.swing.JViewport[,1,1,465x223,layout=javax.swing.ViewportLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=25165832,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,isViewSizeSet=true,lastPaintPosition=,scrollUnderway=false],viewportBorder=]
                    JViewport   javax.swing.JViewport[,1,1,465x223,layout=javax.swing.ViewportLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=25165832,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,isViewSizeSet=true,lastPaintPosition=,scrollUnderway=false]
                        JPanel  javax.swing.JPanel[,0,0,465x223,layout=java.awt.GridBagLayout,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=javax.swing.border.TitledBorder@16b8cdc,flags=9,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=]
                            JLabel  javax.swing.JLabel[,132,18,200x200,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=8388608,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=javax.swing.ImageIcon@98423,disabledIcon=,horizontalAlignment=CENTER,horizontalTextPosition=TRAILING,iconTextGap=4,labelFor=,text=,verticalAlignment=CENTER,verticalTextPosition=CENTER]
                    ScrollBar   javax.swing.JScrollPane$ScrollBar[,0,0,0x0,hidden,layout=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollBarUI,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=4194632,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,blockIncrement=10,orientation=VERTICAL,unitIncrement=1]
                        MetalScrollButton   javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton[,0,0,0x0,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@f62048,flags=4194600,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=14,bottom=2,right=14],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=,defaultCapable=true]
                        MetalScrollButton   javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton[,0,0,0x0,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@f62048,flags=4194600,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=14,bottom=2,right=14],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=,defaultCapable=true]
                    ScrollBar   javax.swing.JScrollPane$ScrollBar[,0,0,0x0,hidden,layout=javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollBarUI,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.0,border=,flags=4194632,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,blockIncrement=10,orientation=HORIZONTAL,unitIncrement=1]
                        MetalScrollButton   javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton[,0,0,0x0,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@f62048,flags=4194600,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=14,bottom=2,right=14],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=,defaultCapable=true]
                        MetalScrollButton   javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalScrollButton[,0,0,0x0,alignmentX=0.0,alignmentY=0.5,border=javax.swing.plaf.BorderUIResource$CompoundBorderUIResource@f62048,flags=4194600,maximumSize=,minimumSize=,preferredSize=,defaultIcon=,disabledIcon=,disabledSelectedIcon=,margin=javax.swing.plaf.InsetsUIResource[top=2,left=14,bottom=2,right=14],paintBorder=true,paintFocus=true,pressedIcon=,rolloverEnabled=true,rolloverIcon=,rolloverSelectedIcon=,selectedIcon=,text=,defaultCapable=true]
                MetalSplitPaneDivider   javax.swing.plaf.metal.MetalSplitPaneDivider[,1,135,468x10,layout=javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicSplitPaneDivider$DividerLayout]

Answer 3

如果您使用的是 IntelliJ GUI Builder

我建议看看这两个网站，here 和 here。

他们讨论了如何Set the components properties。这样做可以让您使用不同的前景色和背景色，这可以让您在启动应用程序时识别哪个组件是哪个组件。

更深入的属性可以找到here

您还可以为每个组件设置变量名称，这将使您在代码中更容易找到它们。

如果您仍然无法在源代码中定位组件，IntelliJ 可以通过Search The Source Code 找到任何您想要查找的内容。

如果您是手动申请的

与 GUI 构建器一样，您可以使用类似于 component.setBackground(Color.BLUE); 的内容设置背景颜色等，以便在运行应用程序时更容易找到它们。您还可以使用textArea.setText("My Text"); 为JTextArea 等对象提供一些默认元素。

这里有一些关于Swing Naming Conventions 和Java Naming Conventions 的好读物。这将使您能够以更简洁、更易于阅读的方式布局代码。

还有一个this 网站可以查看每个挥杆组件的外观。您可以单击每个组件以获取更多信息。

作为一个更一般的答案，我建议查看几个Oracle Swing Tutorials 以更好地全面了解 Swing 及其功能。我个人不建议使用任何形式的 GUI 构建器。您无法获得与手工操作相同的知识。

Answer 4

多谈谈 GUI 构建器：他们也倾向于生成大量难以理解的代码。 GUI 构建器可能是创建快速 GUI 或创建快速草图的最佳选择，但不建议将它们用于复杂的 GUI，因为代码变得更难维护。 NetBeans 的 GUI 构建器是一个很好的例子，它易于使用，但会生成大量不可编辑的代码。另一方面，Window Builder Pro 的功能与 NetBeans 的 GUI builder 相同，但代码更简洁，但实际上允许您编辑它生成的代码。