【问题标题】:How to run multiple methods parallely and get outputs from each of them in java如何在java中并行运行多个方法并从每个方法中获取输出
【发布时间】:2020-08-16 05:45:16
【问题描述】:

我想并行运行三种不同的方法来提高 Java 的性能。我还需要从他们三个人那里得到输出。以下是我尝试过的示例。在这里,我不确定如何检索返回的字符串值。请帮我添加(将所有三个字符串连接起来)。

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String total = "";

        Callable<String> callable1 = new Callable<String>()
        {
            @Override
            public String call() throws Exception
            {
                String t1 = "";
                t1 = method1();
                return t1;
            }
        };

        Callable<String> callable2 = new Callable<String>()
        {
            @Override
            public String call() throws Exception
            {
                String t2 = method2();
                return t2;
            }
        };

        Callable<String> callable3 = new Callable<String>()
        {
            @Override
            public String call() throws Exception
            {
                String t3 = method3();
                return t3;
            }
        };

        List<Callable<String>> taskList = new ArrayList<Callable<String>>();
        taskList.add(callable1);
        taskList.add(callable2);
        taskList.add(callable3);

        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);

        try
        {
            executor.invokeAll(taskList);
            //total = ;(want to concatenate all the strings here).

            System.out.println(total);
        }
        catch (InterruptedException ie)
        {
            //do something if you care about interruption;
        }

    }
    public static String method1()
    {
        System.out.println("method1");
        return "1";

    }

    private static String method2()
    {
        System.out.println("method2");
        return "2";
    }

    private static String method3()
    {
        System.out.println("method3");
        return "3";
    }


}

【问题讨论】:

标签: java multithreading parallel-processing completable-future callable


【解决方案1】:

由于taskListList&lt;Callable&lt;String&gt;&gt;executor.invokeAll(taskList) 返回一个List&lt;Future&lt;String&gt;&gt;,其中包含一个Future&lt;String&gt;,对应于taskList 中的每个任务。您需要保存 List&lt;Future&lt;String&gt;&gt; 以便稍后获得任务结果。像这样的:

List<Future<String>> futureList = executor.invokeAll(tasklist);
String result = futureList.get(0).get() +
                futureList.get(1).get() +
                futureList.get(2).get();

除了InterruptedExceptionFuture.get() 还可以抛出CancellationExceptionExecutionException,所以你需要准备好在你的try 块中处理这些。

【讨论】:

    【解决方案2】:

    由于您的任务数量很少,您可以创建 3 个CompletableFutures 并流过它并加入它。

    CompletableFuture<String> task1 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> method1());
    CompletableFuture<String> task2 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> method2());
    CompletableFuture<String> task3 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> method3());
    
    String concate = Stream.of(task1, task2, task3)
            .map(CompletableFuture::join)
            .reduce("", (s1, s2) -> s1 + s2);
    System.out.println(concate);
    

    【讨论】:

      【解决方案3】:

      在@Govinda 答案之上添加 - 您可以使用supplyAsync 工厂方法创建StreamCompletableFutures,并通过调用CompletableFuture::join 和调用Collectors.joining()完成它们。

      CompletableFuture<String> task1 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(Test::method1);      
      CompletableFuture<String> task2 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(Test::method2);      
      CompletableFuture<String> task3 = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(Test::method3);      
                                                                                                    
      String concat =                                                                               
          Stream.of(task1, task2, task3).map(CompletableFuture::join).collect(Collectors.joining());
      
      System.out.println(concat);  
                                                                  
      

      【讨论】:

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