Javascript嵌套函数属性继承

Question

我试图在嵌套函数中使用函数的属性，但我不知道如何，没有传递父函数。

示例：

function foo() {
    this.baz = 'baz'
    this.bar = new bar()
}

function bar() {
    this.bla = 'bla'
}

bar.prototype.func = function() {
    console.log(...) // this should return 'baz' (attr baz of foo())
}

到目前为止，我尝试过这个：

function foo() {
    this.baz = 'baz'
    this.bar = new bar(this)
}

function bar(foo) {
    this.bla = 'bla'
    this.foo = foo
}
bar.prototype.func = function() {
    console.log(this.foo.baz)
}

有没有一个好的模式来完成这个？因为我的解决方法是一团糟

编辑：

因为你们中的一些人想要一个更真实的例子：

function Game() {
    this.world = {
        x: 200,
        y: 300
    }
    this.players = {
        one: new Player()
        two: new Player()
    }
}

function Player() {
    this.size = {x:1,y:2}
    this.position = {
        x: world.x - this.size.x, // i need to access games world attribute
        y: 0
    }
}

但这不是我在 Player 类中需要的 Game 类的唯一属性..

Answer 1

更新答案

您可能想了解encapsulation。鉴于您更新的示例，您可以将 Game 的引用传递给您的每个 Player 实例，如下所示：

function Game() {
    this.world = {
        x: 200,
        y: 300
    }
    this.players = {
        one: new Player(this),
        two: new Player(this)
    }
}

function Player(game) {
    this.game = game;
    this.size = {x:1,y:2}
    this.position = {
        x: game.world.x - this.size.x, // i need to access games world attribute
        y: 0
    }
}
Player.prototype.anotherFunction = function() {
  console.log(this.game); // Also has access to `this.game`
}

正如 Vld@ 所说，可能有更好的方法来完成您在此示例中尝试执行的操作，但我怀疑这是一个更普遍的问题。

原答案

实现您想要做的事情的一种方法是使用继承，如下所示：

function Foo() {
  this.baz = 'baz';
}
function Bar() {
  this.bla = 'bla';
  Foo.call(this);
}
Bar.prototype = Object.create(Foo.prototype);

console.log(new Bar().baz); // "baz"

Answer 2

如果您不想将整个“游戏”函数传递给“玩家”，并且您希望维护某些变量的隐私并允许某些玩家方法访问它，我推荐以下：

function Game() {

    // Declare private variables as 'var' here

    this.world = {
        x: 200,
        y: 300
    }
    this.players = {
        one: new Player()
        two: new Player()
    }

    // The following players methods will have access to 
    // both public and private interface of Game 
    this.players.one.position = {
        x: this.world.x - this.players.one.size.x, 
        y: 0
    }
    this.players.two.position = this.players.one.position;
}

function Player() {
   // Declare private variables for player as 'var' here 

   this.size = {x:1,y:2}
}